550 



AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 



Pathology — Cont'd. 

 Fungus growths (Saprolegniacse) . 



Causing Dermatomykosis (Pilzkrankheit) . 

 Chief forms are Saprolegnia and Achyla. 



Chiefly miscellaneous items on fundus 

 growths. Bail, T. 1869.1; Berkeley, M. 

 J. 1864.1; Clinton, G. P. 1894.1; Cozette, 

 P. 1906.1; Dodge, C. W. 1896.1; Dop, 

 P. 1905.1; Frazer, W. M. 1849.1, 1856.1; 

 Goodsir, J. 1842.1; Leidy, J. 1859.3; 

 •Maurizio, A. 1897.1-1899.1; Surface, 

 H. A. 1898.1, 1899.1; Vincent, E. 1910.1; 

 Woodward, J. J. 1859.1; Bennett, J. H. 

 Add. 1844.1; Cunningham, J. H. Add. 

 1899.1; Gerard, W. R. Add. 1878.1; 

 Lockwood, S. Add. 1890.1. • — First knovm 

 ref. Arderon, W. Pre-Linn. 1750.2. 



Methods of combating fungus, remedies, 

 use of salt, etc. Holder, C. F. 1908.4; 

 Mynster, W. A. 1880.1,.3; Rice, H. J. 

 1885.1; Spencer, L. B. 1910.1; Zirzow, 

 P. 1906.1. 



For the association of Saprolegnia with 

 Bacillus salmonis pestis as cause of the 

 British epidemic, 1877-82, see Salmon 

 disease above under Diseases caused by 

 Bacteria. 



For fungi on fish eggs, see above under 

 Diseases of eggs and fry. 



Protozoan ectoparasites of gills and 

 integument. Occurring in both unless 

 otherwise stated. 



Costia necatrix Henneguy, a flagellate 

 parasitic on trout fry and causing Cos- 

 tiasis. {Described also as Bodo necator 

 and Tetramitus nitschei.) Franke, J. 

 1908.2; Hofer, B. 1902.1; Neresheimer, 

 E. 1911.1; Henneguy, L. F. Add. 1884.2; 

 Nitsche, P. & Weltner, W. Add. 1894.1. 

 — For further studies see Moroff, in Arch. 

 Protistenkunde, 1903, Bd. Ill, p. 84-89, 

 pl. 



Cyclochceta domerguei, Wallengren, an 

 infusorian, causing Cyclochmtiasis. Wal- 

 lengren, H. 1897.1. 



Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Fouquet, a 

 ciliate encysted in skin and causing Ichthy- 

 ophthiriasis (Fleckenkrankheit) . (Called 

 Chroatophagus parasiticus by Kerbet.) 

 Fouquet, D. 1876.1; Henneguy, L. F. 

 1883.1; Hilgendorf, F. M. & Paulicki, A. 

 1869.1; Herbert, C. 1886.1, Add. 1884.1; 

 MUewski, A. 1914.3; Neresheimer, E. 

 1907.1,1908.1; Schulze, L. 1914.2; Seal, 

 W. P. 1892.1; •Stiles, C. W. 1894.1, Add. 

 1894.1,.2; *Busohkiel, A. L. Add. 1910.1 ; 

 Paul, V. Add. 1914.1; Weltner, W. Add. 

 1895,1. 



Ichthyophthirius cryptostomus of Leu- 

 ciscus. Zacharias, E. O. 1892.2, 1893.3. 



Amceba mucicola in gills of Labrus. 

 Chatton, E. 1909.1. 



Nosema anomalum, a Tnyxosporidian 

 encysting in skin ofGasterosteus. Stempell, 

 W. 1904.1,.2. 



Apiosoma piscicola, an infusorian in 

 the skin. Blanchard, R. Add. 1885.1. 



Henneguya acerince, a myxosporidian of 

 the gills of Acerina. Schroeder, 0. Add. 

 1906.1. 



PECTORAL GIRDLE (INCLUDING 



STERNUM) 



For related 3tructurea, see Pelvic Girdle, and 

 Skeleton. See also Pectoral fins under Fins. 



For the most important general treatise 

 on the morphology of the pectoral girdle, see 

 •Wiedersheim, R. 1892.1. 



For a general account of the method of sus- 

 pension of the pectoral girdle from the skull, 

 with an extensive review of the literature, see 

 •Siebenrock, F. 1901.1. 



Anatomy and morphology. Mis- 

 cellaneous and general. *Gegenbaur, C. 

 1864.2 (ii), 1866.1; Geoffroy-Saint-Hil- 

 aire, E. F. 1807.3,.4,.7, 1818.2,.4; Lavo- 

 cat, A. 1883.1; •Parker, W. K. 1868.1; 

 Gill, T. N. Add. 1903.1, .3. 



Structure of the pectoral girdle in the 

 following fossil fishes. — Sauripterus. 

 Broom, R. 1913.3. — Acanthodes. Jaekel, 

 O. 1899.3, .4, 1902.2; Traquair, R. H. 

 1894.4. 



Anatomy in Dipnoi, Elasmobranchii, and 

 Ganoidei. —Dipnoi. GUI, T. N. 1873.6; 

 Sabatier, C. P. 1904.1. — Elasmobranchii. 

 Mechnikov, O. 1879.1, 1880.2; Sabatier, 

 C. P. 1898.1, 1903.1, .2, 1904.1. — 4cii- 

 penser. Meissner, V. I. 1907.1, .2. 



Pectoral girdles of many Elasmobranchs 

 elaborately figured. Garman, S. 1913.1. 



Anatomy in Teleostei. •Belling, D. E. 

 1911.1; •Derjugin,K.M. 1909.1; Goeldi , 

 E. A. 1884.1; •Haller, B. 1905.2; 

 Swinnerton, H. H. 1905.2. — Muroma. 

 Brattstrom, J. 1875.1. — Cyprinidce. 

 Emery, C. & Simoni, L. 1886.1. — Teu- 

 this. Johnstone, J. 1904.3. — Hemi- 

 branchii. •Starks, E. C. 1902.2. 



— Trigla. Williamson, H. C. 1894.1. 



Anatomy of the parts of the pectoral 

 girdle. — Scapula of Siluroids. Baudelot, 

 E. 1868.1. — ■ Coracoid of Cottus. Baudelot, 

 E. 1868.8. — Clavicle and cleithrum. •Ge- 

 genbaur, C. 1895.1; Sabatier, C. P. 

 1897.1. — Supracleithralia. Haller, B. 

 Add. 1914.1. 



Development of pectoral girdle. De- 

 velopment in — Teleosts. Derjugin, K. M. 

 1909.1; Prince, E. E. 1886.3; Swinner- 

 ton, H. H. 1905.2. — Syngnathus. Buist, 

 T. P. 1912.1. —Exoccetus. Derjugin, K. 

 M. 1908.1. — Esox. Gegenbaur, C. 

 1883.1; Swirski, G. 1880.1. — Salmo. 

 Vogel, R. 1909.1. — General accounts. 

 Wiedersheim, R. E. 1888.1, 1889.1, 1890.1. 



Sternum. General considerations of the 

 " sternum " in fishes, and belief of its inde- 

 pendence of the costal sternum of the Amni- 

 otes. Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, E. F. 1807.5, 

 .8; Lavocat, A. 1889.1; Sabatier, C. P. 

 1897.1, 1902.1. 



Presence in the shark Hexanchus (Noti- 

 danus), of a presternum derived from the 

 ends of the coracoidal portions of the con- 

 tinuous pectoral girdle. Haswell, W. A. 

 1885.2; Parker, T. J. 1890.2, 1891.1; 

 White, P. J. 1895.1, .2. 



In the carp (Cyprinus) there is a pseudo- 

 sternum, composed of connective tissue and 

 elastic elements attached to the ends of the 



