SUBJECT INDEX — MORPHOLOGICAL SECTION 



577 



teogeniosus. Day, F. 1875.1; Steindach- 

 ner, F. 1874.3, 1876.3; Thomas, H. S. 

 1881.1. 



Pseudo-copulation in Callionymus lyra. 

 Holt, E. W. 1898.3; Kent, W. S. 1883.1. 

 — Cottus gobio. Surbeck, G. 1900.1,. 2. 



For ■pseudo-copulation of Syngnathidce 

 at time of egg transferral, see Brood-pouch 

 incubation, below under Parental care. 



For actual copulation in viviparous forms, 

 see Viviparity, below. 



Sexual maturity. Relation to age and 

 size in marine fishes. Calderwood, W. L. 

 1892.6; Cunningham, J. T. 1891.7; Ful- 

 ton, T. W. 1892.2; Holt, E. W. 1892.3, 

 1893.2. 



State of maturity in French fishes. Gou- 

 riet, E. 1894.3, 1897.1; Sauvage, H. E. 

 1893.1; Aruoux, E. Add. 1889.1. 



For sexxial maturity in Eels, see Sexes of 

 eels under AnguUla in Sj-stematic section. 



Spawning and spawning habits 

 of various fishes 



Including courtahip and other kinds of 

 spawning behavior, oviposition, etc. 



Courtship (Liebespiel) of animals in- 

 cluding fishes. Marx, A. 1914.1; Pycraft, 

 W. P. 1913.1. 



Miscellaneous and general. Bjorkmann, 

 -1785.1; Canu, E. 1893.2; Damas, D. 

 1909.2; Dunn, M. 1884.3; Epton, J. 

 1883.1; Masterman, A. T. 1896.1, 1897.3; 

 Rusconi, M. 1836.1; Schreitmliller, W. 

 1910.10; *Strodtmann,S. 1906.1; Cou- 

 pin, H. Add. 1913.1. 



Oviposition of Amphioxus, a cephalochor- 

 date. Marshall, A. M. 1876.1. 



CYCLOSTOMATA 



Spawning behavior of Petromyzon. Dean, 

 B. & Sumner, F. B. 1897.1; VejdovskJ^, F. 

 1893.1. — Bdellosloma. Doflein, F. J. 

 1899.3. — Lampetra. Reighard, J. E. 

 1903.1. — Brook and lake lampreys. 

 Gage, S. H. 1893.2. 



GANOIDEI 



Spawning of — Acipenser. Aleksan- 

 drov, K. P. 1909.1, 1910.1; Dean, B. 

 1893.3; Stone, L. 1901.1. — Lepidos- 

 teus. Locke, W. M. 1879.1. 



SELACHII 



Oviposition of shelled eggs of Scyllium 

 canicida and catulus. Bolau, C. C. 1879.1, 

 1881.1; Coste, J. J. 1867.1; Dambeck, 

 K. 1877.2; Kopsch, F. 1897.1; Meyer, 

 R. 1872.1. — Chiloscyllium. Raj, B. S. 

 1914.1. — Parascyllium. Waite, E. R. 

 1908.1. 



See also Ovipanty of Elasmobranchii 

 in this section, and Egg-cases of Elasmo- 

 branchii under Ova and Ovum. 



TELEOSTEI 

 For the spawning of Anguilla and Sal- 

 monidse in connection with their migra- 

 tory habits, see these fishes in the Syste- 

 matic section. 



Sub-order Acanthopterygii 

 Spawning of — Perch. Bean, B. A. 

 1890.4. —Sole (Solea). Butler, G. W. 

 1895.1. — Pleuronectes. Fulton, T. W. 

 1904.7, 1906.2; Herdman, W. A. 1903.4; 

 Storrow, B. 1911.1; Trybom, F. 1903.3; 

 Wahlberg, V. 1901.1. —Bleotris. Leh- 

 mann, A. 1911.1. —Trigla. Mcintosh, 

 W. C. 1899.1, 1900.2. —Bluefish (Poma- 

 tomus). Pierce, H. D. 1883.1, 1884.1. 



— Badis. Pittrich, B. 1907.1. — Macro- 

 pode. Schafer, P. 1915.3. — Hetero- 

 gramma. Schiltz, R. 1912.2. — Ambassis. 

 Traber-Klotzsche, G. WlO.l. — Betta. 

 Unterberg, J. 1913.1. — Crenilabrus and 

 Labrax. Eisig, H. Add. 1884.2. 



Sub-order Anacanthini 

 Spawning of — Gadus (Cod). Ewart, 

 J. C. & Brook, G. 1885.1; Fulton, T. W. 

 1904.4,1905.2; Meek, A. 1911.1; Sars, 

 G. O. 1876.1; V. 1905.1; Wahlberg, V. 

 1901.1. —Lota. Levander, G. V. 1903.1. 



— Whiting. Storrow, B. 1913.1. — Mer- 

 luccius. Mcintosh, W. O. Add. 1912.1. 



Sub-order Haplomi 



Spawning behavior of — Haplochilus. 

 Liebig, T. 1912.6. —Esox. Walke, E. H. 

 1883.1; Brook, G. Add. 1887.2; Argil- 

 lander, A. Pre-Linn. 1753.1, .2. — Le- 

 bistes. Wind, A. 1915.1. 



Sub-order Malacopterygii 



Spawning of — Herring. Baird, S. F. 

 1871.40; Ewart, J. C. 1884.3; Kupffer, 

 C. W. 1876.2, 1878.2; Buch, S. A. Add. 



1885.1. — Sardine. Launette, P. 1888.1. 



— Coregonus. Lebedintsev, A. A. & Eglit, 

 P. I. 1907.1-1909.1. — Pantodon. Siegl, 

 H. 1914.2; Steche, O. 1915.1. — Alosa 

 (Shad). Worth, S. G. 1893.1; Yarrow, 

 H. C. 1874.2. — Mallotus spawning in 

 sand of seashore. Anon. 512. 



Sub-order Ostariophysi 

 Spawning of — Corydoras. Liebig, T. 

 1912.5; Wittig, F. 1913.1. — Danio. 

 Potempa, A. 1910.2. — Cyprinidce. Reig- 

 hard, J. E. 1904.1, 1910.1. —Chub 

 (MylocheUus). S., C. A. 1880.1. —Gobio. 

 Scholz, E. J. R. 1911.2. —Carassius. 

 Schreitmilller, W. 1910.15. — Chrosomus. 

 Smith, B. G. 1908.1. —Cobitis and 

 Phoxinus. Thumm, J. 1905.2. 



Spawning of fishes 

 of various other sub-orders 

 Spawning of — Lophius. Baird, S. F. 

 1871.41. — Ammodytes. Fullarton, J. H. 

 1894.1; Mcintosh, W. C. 1897.1. — 

 Pterophryne. Gudger, E. W. 1905.2. 

 . — Entelurus cequoreus (eggs extruded in 

 two bands). Guitel, F. 1908.2. —Gas- 

 terosteus leiurus. Kinahan, J. R. 1854.1, .2. 



— Exocoetus. Saunders, H. 1874.1. 

 Spawning Grounds of North Sea; re- 

 lation of marine currents. Fulton, T. W. 

 1890.7, 1895.3, 1897.1, 1900.1, 1913.1. 



Spavming grounds of various fishes. 

 ■ — ■ Clupea in Kaiser Wilhelm Canal. 

 Barfod, H. 1902.3; Hinkelmann, A. 



1902.2. ■ — Breeding grounds of Herring. 



