594 



AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 



Skull — ConCd. 



Sub-order Malacopterygii 

 Skull of Mormyridce. Erdl, M. P. 

 1847.1; Pappenheim, P. 1907.1; Ride- 

 wood, W. G. 1904.2. 



Skull of Osteoglossidw. Bridge, T. W. 

 1895.1; Ridewood, W. G. 1905.2. 



Skull ■ of SalmonidcE. (See also above 

 under " Development.") Boulenger, G. 



A. 1895.10; •Parker, W. K. 1872.1. 

 Structure of the skull of — Alepoceph- 



alus. Gegenbaur, C. 1878.4. — Albula. 

 Gill, T. N. 1907.6. — Aulastomatomorpha. 

 Lloyd, R. E. 1906.1. —Chauliodus. 

 Supino, F. 1901.1 (i). 



Cranial osteology respectively of Elopidce 

 and Albulidm; Notopteridw and Hyodon- 

 tidce; Clupeidce; Pantodontidce and Phrac- 

 tolaemidce; and Gonorhynchidoe. Ridewood, 

 W. G. 1904.1,.2, 1905.1, .2,.3. 



Sub-order Ostariophysi 



Skull of CharacinidcB and Cyprinidoe. 

 Jaquet, M. 1902.1; •Sagemehl, M. 



1884.1; Gervais, F. L. Add. 1850.1. 



Skull of — Siluridce and Loricariidos,' 

 Dean, B. 1891.2. — Loricaria. Goeldi, 

 E. A. 1884.1. — Siluridce. Neumayer, L. 

 1908.1. — Clarias. Schelaputin, G. 

 1906.1. — Hypophthalmus. Wright, R. 

 R. 1886.1. 



Skulls of fishes 

 of various sub-orders 



Lota. Bonsdorff, E. J. 1845.1. — 

 Exoeoetus. Lasdin, W. 1913.1, .2. — 

 Syngnathus. McMurrich, J. T. 1883.1. 

 — Lyomeri (Taxonomic relations). Regan, 

 C. T. 1912.5. — Macrourus. Supino, F. 

 1901.1 (ii). — Lophobranchii. Supino, F. 

 1904.3. — Pediculati and Plectognathi. 

 Supino, F. 1904.3, 1908.3. — Trachinidm. 

 Supino, F. 1908.3. — Lophius. Morrow, 

 R. Add. 1882.1. 



SLEEP OF FISHES 



For the so-called " summer," and " "winter 

 sleep " of fishes, see respectively under Aesti- 

 vation, and Hibernation. 



Comments, notes, observations, and mis- 

 cellaneous items on sleep in fishes, the 

 question whether fishes do sleep, etc. Bon- 

 voisin, L. 1877.2; Capel, C. C. 1878.1; 

 Eisig, H. 1883.2; Hughes, W. R. 1874.1; 

 Reinhart, H. 1911.1-1913.1; Reuss, H. 

 1911.1; Schmid, B. 1911.1; Schulze, 

 L. 1913.2; Shufeldt, R. W. 1900.3; 

 Verrill, A. E. 1897.1; Fraenkel, F. Add. 

 1909.1; Kniger, B. Add. 1914.1; Voigt, 

 G. Pre-Linn. 1721.1. 



Observations on the position of fishes 

 during sleep. Carazzi, D. 1913.2; Krilger, 



B. 1913.8; Leeke, -1912.1; Mobius, K. 

 A. 1867.1; Romeis, B. 1911.1; Werner, 

 Franz 1911.1. 



Experiments with special apparatus in- 

 dicate greater activity during the day, with 

 periods of repose at night. Polimanti, O. 

 1911.2; •Szymanski, J. S. 1914.1. 



SMELL (OLFACTORY SENSE) 



For the structure of the organs of smell, 

 see Olfactory organs. 



For a resume of our knowledge on the 

 sense of smell in fishes, see *Parker, G. 

 H. & Sheldon, R. E. 1913.1. 



Researches on . the olfactory sense of 

 fishes; necessary distinctions between smell 

 and taste and a common chemical sense, 

 etc. (Conclusions that olfactory sense 

 exists; in dogfish (Mustelus) this is lost 

 when nostrils are plugged with cotton.) 

 Parker, G. H. 1910.3, 1911.1,.2, 1912.1, 

 1914.'1,.2; Sheldon, R. E. 1909.3, 1911.1; 

 Parker, G. H. & Stabler, E. M. Add. 

 1913.1. 



Existence' of the sense of smell in — 

 Batistes. Baglioni, S. 1909.2, 1910.1, Add. 

 1909.1. — Spheroides. Copelaud, M. 

 1912.1. — Cyprinus. Herklotz, E. O. 

 1864.1. 



Conclusion that fishes do not possess a 

 sense of smell. Nagel, W. A. Add. 1894.1. 



Miscellaneous papers on the olfactory 

 sense in fishes. Desvignes, — 1835.1, 

 1836.1; Dofiein, F. J. 1911.1; Dumferil, 

 A. M. 1807.3, 1858.1; Fohmann, V. 

 1835.1; Geoff roy-Saint-Hilaire, E. F. 

 1825.1; Kammerer, P. 1911.1. 



SOUND PRODUCTION AND SOUND 

 PRODUCING ORGANS 



For an analysis of the methods of sound 

 production by fishes, see Bridge, T. W. 

 1904.1, pp. 355-365. 



Sound production. Oeneral treatises. 

 Dufosse, A. 1874.1; S0rensen, W. E. 

 1884.1. 



General researches on sound production. 

 Dufoss6, A. 1858.1, 1866.1, 1868.1, 1872.1; 

 Dumferil, A. H. 1863.2; Robin, C. P. 

 1872.1,.2; •Milller, J. 1857.1; •Weiss, 

 O. Add. 1914.1. 



Apparatus of sound production. 

 — Extrinsic muscles of air bladder produc- 

 ing sounds. Bri,dge, T. W. & Haddon, 



A. C. 1894.1; Skomorowski, T. 1875.1; 

 •S0rensen, W. E. 1879.1, .2,.3, 1895.1; 

 Tower, R. W. 1908.1; Bridge. T. W. 

 A(W._1893.1. 



Muscles forming a diaphragm inside air 

 bladder. Moreau, F. A. 1864.2, 1876.3. 



Stridulating apparatus, producing 

 sounds by grating of spines against parts 

 of skull, etc. — ■ Batistes. Mobius, K. A. 

 1889.1. — Gallomystax. Haddon, A. C. 

 Add. 1881.1. 



Miscellaneous papers including pop- 

 ular accounts, etc., on " musical fishes," 

 " song of fishes," " voice," 'etc. 



Text in Dutch. Harting, P. 1862.2, 

 1874.1, 1880.3; Lubach, D. 1859.1, 

 1872.1. 



Text in English. Abbott, C. C. 1877.1, 

 1884.1; Cobb, J. N. 1908.4; Evermann, 



B. W. 1909.1; Galton, J. C. 1874.1; 

 cm, T. N. 1881.3; Girard, C. F. 1889.2; 

 Holder, C. F. 1902.1; Parish, C. 1871.1; 

 Spicer, W. W. 1871.1; Tower, R. W. 

 1906.1; Giinther, A. C. Add. 1870.1; 

 Kingsley, M. H. Add. 1901.1; Thomp- 

 son, J. Add. 1830.1; Athensus, N. Pre- 

 Linn. 1680.1; Anon. 368, 506. 



