620 



AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 



of Cornwall. Cornish, T. 1866.4, 1870.7, 

 1875.2, 1882.3. — on British coast. Gray, 

 J. E. 1868.2. — on Dublin coast. More, 

 A. G. 1882.1. —at Venice. Njnni, E. 

 1904.2. — in New Zealand waters. Parker, 

 T. J. 1884.4. 



Lssmargus (Somniosus) {Sleeper 

 Shark, Greenland Shark). Natural history 

 notes, descriptions, etc. Gunner, J. E. 

 (Earliest'description) 1766.3; Levander, 

 K. M. 1898.1; Mobius, K. A. 1890.1; 

 Hosted, E. 1788.1; TraH, J. 1872.1; Val- 

 enciennes, A. 1832.1. 



Occurrence — on coast of Netherlands. 

 Beaufort, L. F. 1911.1. — on coast of 

 Scotland. Brown, R. 1860.1. — on Dogger 

 Bank. Cordeaux, J. 1866.1. — in Danish 

 waters. Fiedler, H. V. 1866.1. — on coast 

 of Italy. Sioher, E. 1898.1. — off Suffolk 

 coast. Southwell, T. 1875.1. — in lower 

 St. Lawrence. Dawson, J. W. Add. 1891.1. 



Scymnus. Nomenclature. Gill, T. N. 

 1896.14. 



Family Squalidse 



Taxonomy. — Chile. P^rez, C. C. 



1886.1. — Philippines. Smith, H. M. 

 1912.6. — Synopsis. Regan, C. T. 

 1908.23. 



Fossil forms. — Monograph, fossil forms 

 of United States. Gibbes, R. W. 1847.1, 



1848.2. — Miocene of California. L'eriohe, 

 M. 1908.4. — Eocene of Egypt. Stromer, 

 E. 1906.1. 



Family Pristiophoridse 



Systematic position and fossil remains, 

 Jaekel, O. Add. 1890.3. 



SUB-ORDER BATOIDEI 

 Rays 



Natural history notes, popular articles, 

 etc. Clarke, S. C. 1880.3; Fowler, H. W 

 1910.6; Miiller, J. 1839.3; Roberts, 

 A. W. 1880.1; Schneider, J. G. 1788.1. 



Taxonomy and relationships. Jaekel, O. 

 1898.1. — Indian forms. Annandale, N. 

 1909.1, 1910.1. —Relationship with 

 sharks. Hasse, J. C. 1877.2. 



Family Pristidse 



Fossil forms from Eocene of Eavvt 

 Stromer, E. 1905.1. 



Pristis (Saw-fish). — Natural history 

 data. Caton, J. D. 1879.1; Guettard, 

 J. E. 1768.1; Latham, J. (First scientific 

 description) 1794.1; Pappenheim, P. 



1905.1; Rawlinson,T.E. -1858.1; South- 

 well, T. 1902.3; Perrault, C. Pre-Linn. 

 1733.1. — Taxonomy, synopsis of fossil 

 species. Vigliarolo, G. 1891.1. 



Propristis. Occurrence — in Eocene of 

 Egypt. Fraaa, E. 1907.1. — in lower 

 Tertiary of Egypt. Priem, F. 1897.1. 



Family Rhinobatidss 



Guitar fishes 

 Taxonomy; synopsis American species 

 Garman, S. 1880.1. 



Family Raiidse 



Skates and Rays 



Taxonomy. Delfin, F. T. 1902.2; 

 Garman, S. ( United States) 1875.1 ; 

 Jaekel, O. 1898.1. — From Eocene of Monte 

 Bolca. Molin, R. 1861.1. . 



Baia. Natural history accounts, de- 

 scriptions, etc. Batarra, G. 1765.1; 

 Beneden, E. 1894.1; Boroga, J. 1907.2,.3; 

 Giorna, Mj E. 1805.1; Harting, P. 



1867.4; Schneider, J. G. 1783.2; Calder- 

 wood, W. L. Add. 1892.1; Giinther, 

 A. C. (Encyc. article) Add. 1866.1; 

 Columna, F. Pre-Linn. 1592.1. 



Genera Hieroptera and Propterygia. 

 Originally described as specific forms, these 

 are now known to be rays with arrested 

 development of the pectorals, (these norir- 

 adherent to the head). For such see under 

 Abnormalities of Fins, in section on 

 Teratology. 



Family Torpedinidse 



Electric Rays 

 For anatomy and function of electrical 

 organs, see under Electrical Fishes. 

 General treatise. Dumeril, A. H. 1852.1. 



— Synonymy. Gill, T. N. 1896.15. — 

 Natural history. Kammerer, P. 1906.1. 



Genus Torpedo. — Natural history. 

 Basarow, A. 1877.1; Bonaparte, C. L. 

 1840.2; Bouvier, B. L. 1890.2; Bryant, 

 W. 1786.1; CoUadon, L. T. 1836.1; 

 •Fulton, T. W. 1901.1; Grisellini, F. 

 1764.1; Harting, P. 1880.2; Le Juge, E. • 

 1876.1; Linck, J. W. 1788.1; Lucchesini, 



- 1783.1; Montelimart, D. F. 1799.1; 

 •Olfers, I. F. 1831.1; Poche, F. 1907.2; 

 Langguth, G. A. Add. 1779.1; SchiUing, 

 G.W. Add. 1770.1. — Fossil form. Torpedo 

 hilgendorfi, in Tertiary of Kamerun. 

 Jaekel, 0. 1904.3. 



Family Trygonidae (Dasyatidse) 



"Stingarees" or Sting Rays 

 Dasybatus. — Taxonomy. _„.--^ 

 American species. Garman, S. 1882.1. 

 Nomenclature. Garman, S. 1885.3. 



Family Myliobatidee 



Eagle Rays 

 Nomenclature. Gill, T. N. 1895.5. 

 Fossil forms ■ — in Sicily. Salinas, E. 

 1901.1. — in Eocene of Bavaria. Stromer, 

 B. 1904.2. — in Eocene of Egypt. Stromer, 

 E. 1905.1. 



Aetobatus (Spotted Sting Ray). — 

 Nomenclature. Gill, T. N. 1895.5. — Fossil 

 forms. Castro, M. F. (Tertiary, Cuba) 

 1873.1; Cope, E. D. (Miocene, United 

 States) 1867.1; Sloane, H. (Maryland) 

 Pre-Linn. 1697.1. 



For a paper reviewing all previous lit- 

 erature on habits, coloration, external 

 structures, distribution, reproduction, with 

 many illustrations original and reproduced, 

 and with a full synonymy, see Gudger. 

 E. W. 1914.1. 



Dicerobatis. Natural history, occur- 

 rence, etc., — in Jamaica. Hill, R. 1863.1. 



