634 



AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 



Family GonorhynchidsB 



Taxonomy, fossil forms; Eocene. Cope, 

 E. D. 1885.1, 1886.2; Woodward, A. S. 

 1896.4. 



SUB-ORDER OSTARIOPHYSI 



Taxonomy. — Eventognathi (Catosto- 

 midw, Cobitidae, Cyprinidw). Gill, T. N. 

 1862.14. — Cyprinoidea (Characiformes, 

 Gymnoti formes, and Cyjyriniformes) . Re- 

 gan, C. T. 1911.5. — Revision: African 

 species. Boulenger, G. A. Add. 1909.1. 



— Fossilforms. Woodward, A. S. 1889.2. 



Family Characinidte 



For maps showing the geographical dis- 

 tribution of the CharacinidcE, see Boulenger, 

 G. A. 1904.7 {p. 576), and Meek, A. 

 1916.1 (p. 172). 



Taxonomy, general treatises, reviews, and 

 synopses. Kner, R. 1859.2; MilUer, J. & 

 Troschel, F. H. 1844.1, 1845.1; Rein- 

 hardt, J. T. 1866.1; Steindachner, F. & 

 Kner, R. 1859.1. — Annotated list of 

 specimens in U. S. Nat. Mus. Eigenmann, 

 C. H. & Ogle, F. 1907.1. —Species in 

 Philad. Acad. Fowler, H. W. 1906.4. — 

 South American species. Eigenmann, C. 

 H. 1907.1; Liltken, C. F. 1874.1, 1875.1; 

 Ulrey, A. B. (Brazilian) 1895.1; Stein- 

 dachner, F. (Amazonian) 1876.1, 1877.1. 



— Differential characters of Characinoids 

 and Erythrinoids. Gill, T. N. 1896.1. — 

 Revision of the genera Chalceus, Copeina, 

 Pogonocharax, and Pyrrhulina. Regan, 

 C. T. 1912.20. — Revision; African 

 species. Boulenger, G. A. Add. 1909.1. 



Fossil. — Onchosaurus of Cretaceous 

 considered ancestral form. Eastman, C. R. 

 Add. 1917.1. 



Sub-family Erythrininffi 



Taxonomy; review. Eigenmann, G. H. 

 & R. S. 1889.9. 



Sub-family Hydrocyonines 

 Alestes. List of species. Boulenger, G. 

 A. 1901.13. 



Ghirodon. — Taxonomic revision of 

 South American species of Chirodon and 

 related forms. -A-Eigenmann, C. H. 1915.1. 



— Synopsis. Ulrey, A. B. 1895.1. 

 Megalobrycon. Taxonomy; revision. 



Ribeiro, A. de M. 1905.1. 



Tetragonopterus and allied forms. 

 Taxonomy — Guiana. Durbin, M. L. 

 1909.1. —Brazil. Eigenmann, C. H. 

 1908.1, 1911.3. 



Nomenclature. Gill, T. N. 1896.6. 



Sub-family Serrasalmoninra 



Piranhas or Caribas 



For Serrasalmonince attacking men, see 

 under Predatory Fishes. 



South American species. Eigenmann, 

 C. H. 1915.2. — Habits and modes of 

 capturing. Paez, R. 1862.1. — Popular 

 account. Winkler, T. C. 1858.1. 



Sub-family Distichodontlnee 

 Distichodus. List of species. Boulen- 

 ger, G. A. 1901.14. 



Sub-family Citharininffi 

 Curimatus and allied forms. Taxon- 

 omy; revision. Eigenmann, C. H. & R. S. 

 1889.10. 



Family GymnotidsB 

 For a map showing the distribution of the 

 Gymnotidce, See Meek, A. 1916.1 (p. 172). 

 Taxonomy. — Revision. Eigenmann, 



C. H. & Ward, D. P. 1905.1. — Mono- 

 graph. •Ellis, M. M. 1913.1. —Place in 

 system. Fritsch, G. T. 1878.1. — 

 Synopsis. Kaup, J. J. 1856.7. — Argen- 

 tine species. Lahille, F. 1910.2. — Species 

 in Vienna Museum. Steindachner, F. 

 1868.1. — Amazonian forms. Wallace, 



A. R. 1853.1. 



Phytogeny and manner of life. Schle- 

 singer, G. 1910.1. 



Gymnotus (Electric Eel) . Natural his- 

 tory, descriptions, mode of capture, etc. 

 Bajon, - 1774.1, 1779.1; Broussonet, P. 

 M. 1782.2; Bryant, W. 1786.1; Fahl- 

 berg, S. 1801.1; Flagg, H. C. 1786.1; 

 Fritsch, G. T. 1879.1; Garden, A. 1775.1; 

 Guisan, F. L. 1797.1, 1819.1; Harting, P. 

 1880.5; •Humboldt, F. & Bonpland, A. 

 1805.1,1820.1; Hunter, J. 1775.1; Janin 

 de St. Just, - 1821.1; Linden, C. 1879.1; 

 Lindes, L. 1880.1; Musschenbroeck, P. 

 1760.1; Paez, R. 1863.1; Quelch, J. J. 

 1897.1; Samo, J. 1837.1; Anon. 186; 

 Gronovius, L. T. Add. 1758.1; Schilling, 

 G. W. Add. 1769.1, Add. 1770.2. 



Natural history accounts in Pre-Linnoean 

 section. Acuna, C. 1758.1; AUamand, J. 

 N. 1756.1; Berkel, A. 1693.1; Richer, 

 J. 1729.1; Sundius, P. 1748.1; Warren, 

 G. 1667.1. 



For anatomy and functions of electrical 

 organs, see under Electrical Fishes. 



Family Cyprinidse 



For a map showing the geographical dis- 

 tribution of the CyprinidcB, see Meek, A. 

 1916.1 (p. 172). 



For all hybrid forms, see under Hybrids. 



Natural history. Leonhardt, E. E. 

 1903.3; Neydeck, K. J. 1848.1. 



Nomenclature. Bleaker, P. 1863.14. 



Taxonomy, affinities, and distribution. 

 Agassiz, J. L. 1835.7, .8; •Gill, T. N. 

 1907.1,.4; Heckel, J. J. 1836.1. 



Taxonomy of African species; revision. 

 Boulenger, G. A. Add. 1909.1. 



Taxonomy of Cyprinidai in Asia. — 

 Ceylon. Bleeker, P. 1863.2. —China. 

 Bleeker, P. 1871.2, 1872.1. — Dutch East 

 Indies. •Bleeker, P. 1860.2, 1860.10. 

 1862.1, 1863.30. —India. •Day, F. 

 1871.1; M'Clelland, J. 1839.1,.2; Storer, 



D. H. 1841.1. —Syria. Heckel, J. J. 



1843.1. — Japan. Jordan, D.S. & Fowler, 

 H. W. 1903.4., —Caucasia. Kamenski'i, 

 S. N. 1899.1. —Persia. Keyserling, E. 

 1861.1. 



Taxonomy of Cyprinidce in Europe. 

 Bonaparte, C. L. 1845.1, .3; •Dybowski, 



B. I. 1864.1; Fitzinger, L. J. 1874.1, .2- 

 Heckel, J. J. 1836.3. —Switzerland. 

 Agassiz, J. L. 1834.2; ' Fatio, V. 1876.2, 



1877.2. — France. Quincy, C. 1910.1. 



