794 LXV. COMPOSITE. [tagenophora. 



Achenes narrow, flat, with thickened margins, contracted at the base, terminating 

 in a very short conical but obtuse and callous point. — Solenogym bellioides, Cass.; 

 DC. Prod. V. 367 (from the character given) ; S. hrachjcomoides, F. v. M. Fragm. 

 V. 62. 

 Hab. : Southern localities common. 



3. Ii. Ziniphysopus (old generic name). Hook. /'. Fl. Tasm. i. 189 ; Benth. 

 Fl. Austr. iii. 508. Very hirsute or nearly glabrous. Leaves all radical, densely 

 tufted, oblong, obtuse, narrowed at the base, 1^ to 3in. long. Scapes very little 

 exceeding the leaves, rather thick and often constricted under the head, leafless 

 or with 1 or 2 very small leafy bracts. Involucre about 2 lines diameter when in 

 flower, 3 lines when in fruit, the bracts oblong, obtuse, with scarious margins. 

 Eay-florets very numerous and short, apparently tubular when in bud, but opening 

 out into a short, concave, 2 or 3-toothed ligula. Achenes of the disk abortive, 

 those of the ray as long as the involucre, narrow, flat, contracted at the base and 

 very shortly so at the top, but without the distinct neck of L. Billardieri. — 

 Emphysopm Gtmnii, Hook. f. in Hook. Lond. Journ. vi. 113; Solenoyyne bellioides, 

 Sond. in Lintisea, xxv. 480, F. v. M. PI. Vict. t. 37, but scarcely of Cassini. — 

 Benth. 

 Hab.: Southern localities. 



11. BRACHYCOME, Cass. 

 (Short pappus.) 

 (Braohystephium, Less.; Paquerina, Coss.; Steiroglossa, DC; Silphiospermum, Stof^.; 

 Involucre usually hemispherical, the bracts in about 2 rows, nearly equal, 

 broad or narrow, with dry or scarious margins. Receptacle convex or conical, 

 without scales. Florets of the ray female, ligulate, numerous, but usually in a 

 single row. Disk-florets numerous, hermaphrodite, tubular, with a more or less 

 dilated limb, 6-toothed. Anthers obtuse at the base. Style-branches in the disk- 

 florets somewhat flattened, with lanceolate or triangular tips or appendages, papil- 

 lose outside. Achenes usually compressed when young, when ripe either flat with 

 obtuse or acute or winged margins, or thick and obtusely 4-angled. Pappus con- 

 sisting of a ring of short scale-like bristles, or scarcely perceptible or none at 

 all. — Herbs either tufted with 1 -headed scapes, or annuals or perennials with 

 erect or ascending branching stems. Leaves alternate, entire toothed or divided. 

 Flower-heads terminal, the ray white blue or purplish, very rarely yellow. 



Besides the Australian species, which are all endemic, there are few others known. The 

 genus is, however, nearly allied to BelUs, a group confined to the^ northern hemisphere. The 

 majority of the Australian species, however, differ in habit ; they are all distinguished by the 

 dry or scarious margins of the involuoral bracts, and most of them by other more trifling 

 characters. — Benth. 



Section I. Brachystephium. — Ray iticonspicuous. Achenes often compressed, cspeciallii 

 when young, but with thickened margins, never winged, and sometimes at length as thick as broad. 

 Pappus conspicuous, stellately spreading. Involucral bracts usually broadly scarious. 



Perennial, with stout erect or ascending stems nearly simple. Lower leaves 

 pinnatifid. Flower-heads large 1. B. diversij'olia. 



Small erect branching perennial. Leaves cuneate, mostly toothed or lobed. 

 Flower-heads small 2. B. melanocarpa. 



Small annuals. Flower-heads small, with few very small ray-florets. 

 Leaves radical, scape simple. Achenes smooth, with 2 thick corky angles, 

 obtuse but bordered by a line of long woolly hairs, and 2 angles narrow 



and glabrous S. B. pachyptera. 



Section II. Paquerina.— iiaj/ conspicuous. Aclienes often compressed, especially when 



young, but with thickened margins, never winged, and sometimes at length as thick as broad. 



Pappus minute or none, " 



Slender, decumbent, glandular-pubescent, branching annual (or rarely 

 perennial?). Leaves mostly obovate, toothed or lobed 4. li . microcarpn . 



