CHAPTER XV 

 1860-1863 



In the autumn he set to work to make good his promise 

 of demonstrating the existence in the simian brain of the 

 structures alleged to be exclusively human. The result was 

 seen in his papers " On the Zoological Relations of Man 

 with the Lower Animals " {Nat. Hist. Rev., 1861, pp. 67-68) ; 

 " On the Brain of Ateles Paniscus," which appeared in the 

 Proceedings of the Zoological Society for 1861, and on " Nyc- 

 tipithecus " in 1862, while similar work was undertaken by 

 his friends Rolleston and Flower. But the brain was only 

 one point among many, as, for example, the hand and the 

 foot in man and the apes ; and he already had in mind the 

 discussion of the whole question comprehensively. On 

 January 6 he writes to Sir J. Hooker : — 



Some of these days I shall look up the ape question again 

 and go over the rest of the organisation in the same way. But 

 in order to get a thorough grip of the question I must examine 

 into a good many points for myself. The results, when they 

 do come out, will, I foresee, astonish the natives. 



Full of interest in this theme, he made it the subject of 

 his popular lectures in the spring of 1861. 



Thus from February to May he lectured weekly to 

 working men on " The Relation of Man to the rest of the 

 Animal Kingdom," and on March 22 writes to his wife : — 



My working men stick by me wonderfully, the house being 

 fuller than ever last night. By next Friday evening they will all 

 be convinced that they are monkeys. . . . Said lecture, let me 

 inform you, was very good. Lyell came and was rather aston- 

 ished at the magnitude and attentiveness of the audience. 



These lectures to working men were published in the 

 Natural History Review, as was a Friday evening discourse 



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