i860 ladies and THE LEARNED SOCIETIES 227 



of paid editors that year, it seemed to him) that the working 

 editors with the credit and the pay must take the responsibiHty 

 of all the commissariat of the Review upon their shoulders. 



Two years later, in 1865, the Review came to an end. 

 As Mr. Murray, the publisher, remarked, quarterlies did not 

 pay ; and this quarterly became still more financially un- 

 sound after the over-worked volunteers, who both edited 

 and contributed, gave place to paid editors. 



But Huxley was not satisfied with one defeat. The 

 quarterly scheme had failed ; he now tried if he could not 

 serve science better by returning to a more frequent and 

 more popular form of periodical. From 1863 to 1866 he 

 was concerned with the Reader, a weekly issue ; * but this 

 also was too heavy a burden to be borne in addition to his 

 other work. However, the labour expended in these ven- 

 tures was not wholly thrown away. The experience thus 

 gained at last enabled the present Sir Norman Lockyer, who 

 acted as science editor for the Reader, to realise what had 

 so long been aimed at by the establishment of Nature in 

 1869. 



Apart from his contributions to the species question and 

 the foundation of a scientific review, Huxley published in 

 i860 only two special monographs (" On Jacare and Cai- 

 man," and " On the Mouth and Pharynx of the Scorpion," 

 already mentioned as read in the previous year), but he read 

 " Further Observations on Pyrosoma " at the Linnean So- 

 ciety, and was busy with paleontological work, the results 

 of which appeared in three papers the following year, the 

 most important of which was the Memoir called a " Pre- 

 liminary Essay on the Arrangement of the Devonian 

 Fishes," in the report of the Geological Survey, " which," 

 says Sir M. Foster, " though entitled a Preliminary Essay, 

 threw an entirely new light on the affinities of these crea- 

 tures, and, with the continuation published later, in 1866, 

 still remains a standard work." 



The question of the admission of ladies to the learned 



* The committee also included Professor Cairns, F. Galton, W, F. 

 Pollock, and J. Tyndall. 



