iS76 ADDRESS AT BALTIMORE 499 



very trying, and the good people of the town further drew 

 upon the too limited opportunities of their guest's brief visit 

 by sending a formal deputation to beg that he would either 

 deliver an address, or be entertained at a public dinner, or 

 " state his views " — to an interviewer I suppose. He could 

 not well refuse one of the alternatives ; and the greater part 

 of one day was spent in preparing a short address on the 

 geology of Tennessee, which was delivered on the evening 

 of September 7. He spoke for twenty minutes, but had 

 scarcely any voice, which was not to be wondered at, as he 

 was so tired that he had kept his room the whole day, while 

 his wife received the endless string of callers. 



The next day they returned to Cincinnati ; and on the 

 9th went on to Baltimore, where they stayed with Mr. 

 Garrett, then President of the Baltimore and Ohio railway. 



The Johns Hopkins University at Baltimore, for which 

 he was to deliver the opening address, had been instituted 

 by its founder on a novel basis. It was devoted to post- 

 graduate study ; the professors and lecturers received in- 

 comes entirely independent of the pupils they taught. Men 

 came to study for the sake of learning, not for the sake 

 of passing some future examination. The endowment was 

 devoted in the first place to the furtherance of research ; 

 the erection of buildings was put into the background. " It 

 has been my fate," commented Huxley, " to see great edu- 

 cational funds fossilise into mere bricks and mortar in the 

 petrifying springs of architecture, with nothing left to work 

 them. A great warrior is said to have made a desert and 

 called it peace. Trustees have sometimes made a palace 

 and called it a university." 



Half the fortune of the founder had gone to this univer- 

 sity ; the other half to the foundation of a great and splen- 

 didly equipped hospital for Baltimore. This was the reason 

 why the discussion of medical training occupies fully half of 

 the address upon the general principles of education, in 

 which, indeed, lies the heart of his message to America, a 

 message already delivered to the old country, but specially 

 appropriate for the new nation developing so rapidly in size 

 and physical resources. 



