178 INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS. 



horizontal or little inclined when the insect is at rest ; and the 

 pupsB are never angular. Amongst the best known of the Crepus- 

 cular Lepidoptera are the Hawk-moths (Sphingidce), comprising 

 some of the largest examples of the whole order. 



The Nocturnal Lepidoptera have the antennae setaceous, or dimin- 

 ishing gradually from the base to the apex, often serrated or pec- 



Fig. 124. — Goat-moth (Cohsuh ligniperda) and caterpillar. 



tinated (iig. 124); the wings in repose are horizontal or deflexed; 

 the pupae are mostly smooth, sometimes spiny, and often enclosed 

 in a cocoon. This group includes most of the ordinary moths. Cer- 

 tain groups of these comprise Moths of very small size, which are 

 often spoken of as Jficrolepidoptera. 



Order XI. Htmekoptera. 



In this order all the four wings are present, as a rule, and they 

 are all membranous in texture, with few nervures (fig. 125). The 

 mouth is always furnished with biting-jaws or mandibles, but often 

 is adapted for suction as well. The females have the extremity of 

 the abdomen furnished with an instrument connected with the pro- 

 cess of laying eggs (ovipositor) ; and in very many cases this becomes 



