368 GLOSSARY. 



Rasorial Birds, but properly restricted to that section of tlie liasores of 



which, the common fowl is a typical exajnple. 

 Ganglion (Gr. gagglion, a knot). A mas^ of nervous matter containing nerve- 

 cells, and giving origin to nerve-fibres. 

 Gaxoid (Gr, nanns, splendour ; eidos, form). Applied to those scales of fishes 



which are composed of bone, with an outer layer of polished enamel. 

 Ganoidee. An order of Fishes now mostly extinct. 

 Gasteropoda (Gr. gaster, belly ; podes, feet). The class of the Mollitsca, 



comprising the ordinary Univalves^ in which locomotion is usually eft'ected by 



creeping about on a flattened "foot." 

 Gemmation (Lat. gemma, a bud). The production of fresh structures by a 



process of budding, 

 Gephyrea (Gr. gephura, a bridge). A class of the Anarthropoda. 

 -Gizzard. A muscular division of the stomach in Insects, Birds, &c. 

 GONOPHORE (Gr. gonos, offspring ; phero, I bear). The generative buds, or 



receptacles of the reproductive elements, in the Hydrozoa, whether these 



become detached or not. 

 Gonosome (Gr. gonos, offspring ; soTna, body). Applied collectively to the 



assemblage of the reproductive buds of any Hydrozoon. 

 Grallatores (Lat. grallce, stilts). The order of the Wading Birds. 

 Granivorous (Lat. granum, a grain or seed; voro, I devour). Living upon 



grains or other seeds. 

 Graftolitidte (Gr. grapJio, I write ; lithos, stone). An extinct sub-class of 



the Hydrozoa. 

 Gregartnid^ (Lat. greganxis, occurring in numbers together). A class of the 



Protozoa. 

 Gullet. The tube which leads from the throat to the stomach. 



H.E^Lvr, (Gr. haima, blood). Connected with the blood-vessels, or with the 



circnlatory system. 

 Hallux (Lat. hallex, the thumb or great toe). The innermost of the five digits 



which, normally compose the hind-loot of a Vertebrate animal. The great 



toe of man. 

 Hectocotylus (Gr. hekaton, a hundred ; kotulos, a cup). One of the " arms " 



of the male Cuttle-fishes, metamorphosed for reproductive purposes. 

 Heliozoa (Gr. helios, sun ; zoUn, animal). An order of Protozoa, with radiating 



pseudopodia. 

 Hemelytra (Gr. Aem, half ; eluiron, a sheath). The wing of certain Insects 



[Hemiptera], in which the inner portion of tlie wing is hardened by chitine, 



and resembles the elytron of a beetle. 

 Hemimetabolic (Gr. hemi, half; metahoU, change). Applied to those Insects 



which undergo an incomplete metamorphosis. 

 Hemiptera (Gr. hemi, half; pteron, wing). An order of Insects so called 



because the anterior wings are sometimes in the form of "hemelytra. " 

 Hermaphrodite (Gr. Hermes, Mercury; Aphrodite, Venus), Possessing the 



organs of both sexes combined. 

 Heteiiocercal (Gr. heteros, diverse ; kerkos, tail). Applied to the tail of fishes 



when it is unequally lobed. 

 Heterogeneous (Gr. heieros, diverse; genos, kiml). Unlike or dissimilar in 



kind. 

 Heteromoephic (Gr. heteros, diverse; rtoorpM, shape). Differing in form or 



shape. 

 HETERpPODA (Gr. heteros, diverse ; podes, feet). An order of Gasterop'bdous 



AIolluscs. 

 HiLUM (Lat. a little thing). A small aperture or depression. 

 HiRUDiNEA (Lat. Jiirudo, a horse-leech). The order of Annelida comprising 



the Leeches. 

 HoLOCi'^PHALi (Gr. holos, whole; kephale, head). A sub-order of the Elasmo- 



branchii. 

 Hof,oMi';TABOLic (Gr. holos, whole ; metahole, change). Applied to those Insects 



which undergo a complete inetamorphosiy. 



