212 



The Principles of Fruit-growing 



distance between the rows that difficulty would be encountered 

 in orchard operations." The alternate plan differs from the 

 quincunx "essentially in widening the distance between the rows, 

 maintaining the same distances between the trees in the row, 

 and is therefore better adapted to planting under 40 feet. 

 The first tree of each of the even rows is midway between the 

 first and second trees of the odd rows. The rows are placed far 

 enough apart so that the diagonal distance between trees of adjoin- 

 ing rows is greater than the distance between trees in the row, 

 and the perpendicular distance between rows is more than one-half 

 the distance between trees in the row. In the alternate plan, 

 with trees 30 feet apart in the row, the rows can be placed much 

 closer together without reducing the space between the trees in 

 adjoining rows so much as to interfere with orchard operations. By 

 this method, the number of trees to the acre may be increased, the 

 land better distributed among them, and inconvenience in orchard 

 operations avoided. 



"The alternate system is frequently used in close plantings. In 

 an orchard with rows 20 feet apart, set by the alternate system, it 

 will be found much easier to get between the trees than if the rec- 

 tangular system is employed, for the distance between the nearest 

 trees of the adjoining row will be approximately 22 feet 4 inches, or 

 over 2 feet more than when set by the rectangular. Set at this dis- 

 tance the space between 

 the trees of adjoining rows 

 would be approximately 

 the same as when planted 

 32 feet apart by the quin- 

 cunx." 



Moore also describes 

 two good additional 

 methods for placing the 

 trees, as follows: 



"Lining-in method (Fig, 

 60). — A method very com- 

 monly used in setting an 

 orchard by the rectangular 

 system is the 'lining-in' 

 method. Stakes are set on 

 both sides and ends of the 



Fio. 60. Staking the orchard, by not placing 

 the stakes where the trees are to stand. 



