236 



The Principles of Fruit-growing 



Fig. 80. Ten-year-old neglected apple tree. 

 Connecticut. 



Fig. 87 a sweet cherry (in bloom) but with more main 

 branches than necessary. Fig. 88 is a successful orchard 

 in Wyoming. Fig. 89 shows a Duchess apple orchard 



in bearing at Ottawa, 



Ontario. 



What to remove. 



The pruner should 

 remove superfluous and 

 unnecessary parts, — ■ 

 water - sprouts, weak 

 straggly hmbs, diseased 

 and badly injured limbs, 

 at least one of the 

 limbs when two cross 

 aiid rub, hanging limbs that are much in the way, one 

 of badly forking limbs, and some of the limbs in parts 

 that are much crowded. Unless it is desired to thin the 

 fruit, the fruit-spurs should be protected; and also the 

 small healthy stocky shoots along many of the larger 

 branches, for care should be exercised not to produce long 



and pole-like parts. 



Renewing old trees by 

 pruning : ' 'dehorning. ' ' 



Pruning is one of 

 the legitimate means 

 of renewing neglected 

 orchards; but aside 

 from this, it is often 

 advised that very old 

 and weak trees be 

 rejuvenated by cutting 



Fig. 81. The same tree thinned and pruned to 

 an open center. 



