The List of Pests 343 



Biilfate in a bag of coffee-sacking, and suspend in the top cf a- fifty- 

 gallon barrel, and add water to the fifty-gallon mark. In twelve 

 to fifteen hours the vitriol will be dissolved, and each gallon of 

 solution will contain two pounds of copper sulfate. Slake a barrel 

 of hme, and store in a tight barrel, keeping it covered with water. 

 Lime so treated wiU keep all summer. It is really hydrated hme. 

 This is often dried, pulverized, and offered on the market in paper 

 bags of forty pounds each, under such names as ground hme, pre- 

 pared hme, hydrated hme, and the hke. If the paper is not broken, 

 the lime does not air-slake for a long time. One and one-third pounds 

 of hydrated lime equals ia value one pound of quicklime. Air-slaked 

 lime cannot be used in preparing bordeaux mixture. 



Arsenical poisons can be combined with bordeaux mixture. 



LEADING rRXTIT INSECTS AND DISEASES THAT ARE 

 CONTROLLED BY SPRAYING 



The insects, mites, parasitic fungi, bacteria and other 

 organisms that attack fruit plants of one kind or another 

 are legion; but there are several prominent pests and dis- 

 eases of each of the temperate-climate fruits that should 

 be recognized by every fruit-grower. The following notes, 

 assembled from the statements of Reddick, and of Crosby 

 and Matheson, represent the best advice that is available 

 at the present writing. The grower should keep himself 

 well informed on the new practices. Only such insects 

 and diseases are included as yield to treatment by spray- 

 ing or similar practices; borers, cankers and similar 

 troubles are discussed in Chapter VIII. 



Ai-i-iS. — ^Aphids, or Plant-Lice.— ^Three species commonly attack 

 the opening buds and leaves of apple — the leaf aphis {Aphis 

 pomi), rosy aphis {Aphis sorbi) and bud aphis {Siphocoryne 

 avense). 



These small, soft-bodied insects may be controlled by thor- 

 ough spraying with "black leaf 40" tobacco extract, three- 



