150 



THE FRUIT 



as il matures tapers upwards into a 

 pappus. 



;leiii]er beak, like a stalk to the 



26: 



2(33. Aclieues ; 2fj2, 

 of a Thistle, pro- 

 vided with a pap- 

 pus for \vind-dis- 

 serainatinii : 2ti.':s 

 of a L'aiidelion, 

 tlie pappus Ijoriie 

 ou a long beak. 



2iw. Sauiai-a 

 of the Elm. 



322. A caryopsis, or grain, is like an acliene 

 with tlie seed adhering to tlie thin piericarp 

 throughout, so that both are incorporated into 

 one body; as in Wheat, Indian Corn. 



323. A nut is a dry and indehisceiit fruit, 

 commonly one-celled and one-seeded, with a 

 hard, crastaceous, or bony wall, such as the 

 C'ocoanut, Hazelnut, Chestnut, and the Acorn 

 (Fig. 2Qi). Here the involucre, in the form of 

 a cup at the base, is called the Cupule. In 

 the Chestnut, near relative of the Oak, the 

 cupule forms the bur; in the Hazel, another 

 relative, a leafy husk. 



324. A samara, or 

 key fruit, is eitlier a 

 nut or an acliene. or any 



otlii.'r indehisceiit fruit, furnished with a wing, 

 like tha^- of Ash, and Elm (Fig. 26.5). The 

 ^laplr fruit is a pair of keys (Fig. 266). 



325. Deliiscent fruits, or poils, are of two j\,, Acoru 

 classi's, \'r/,., tlio.-.e of a simple piislil or carpel, 



and those of a compound pistil. Two coininoii sorts of the first are 

 named as follows : — 



326. The follicle, a fruit of a simple caipiel, 

 wdiicli deliisces down one side only, i.e. by 

 the inner or ventral suture. The fruits of 



:\[arsh Marigold (Fig. 267) 

 an' of this kind. 



327. The leg- 

 ume or true pod, 



surli as the Pea 



,.od (Fig. 26S). 



and the fruit of 



Ihc Leguminous 



or Pulse famih 



generally, which 



opens along the 



dorsal as well as 



the ventral suture. 

 T)ie two jiieces into wliicli it spilits are called 

 "\'.\i,\'i:s. A I.iniKN-T is a legume whicli is con- 

 stiirb'd brluiMMi th; seeds. ;ind at length Iireaks 

 up crosswise into distinct joinls, as in Fig. 269. 



2i;i 



•261 



Fruit of the ^laple. 

 Follicle of the Marsh Ma i-i- 

 goM. 



2(i.s. A Legume. 

 2(i!*. A Lomeut 



