256 APPENDIX 



II. CRYPTOGAMIC LABORATORY STUDIES 



The following additional utensils and reagents will be needed: — 



Compound microscopes. — Many of the studies in Cryptogams may 

 be profitably carried out with good hand lenses, supplemented by the 

 figures of the descriptive text. Bat compound instruments will, of 

 course, be provided when possible. Even a single instrument will be 

 a great gain. Tl]e aim should be to have one for each pupil in the 

 laboratory division. The following makes are recommended as trust- 

 worthy; there are others: Bausch & Loujb (Rochester, N. Y., New 

 Y'ork, Chicago) ; Leitz (William Kratft, 411 AVest .50th St., New York) ; 

 Reichert (Richards & Co., IG Park Place, Xew York); Zeiss (of 

 dealers, e.g. Franklin Educational Co., Boston, and Eimer & Amend, 

 New Y'ork). 



Two eye pieces (2-inch and 1-incli) and two objectives (| and \ inch), 

 with double nose piece, should be luxd, at least. For nuiny details in the 

 arrangement of the laboratory and equipment, the teacher should see 

 some laboratoi'y where tljese matters have been worked out. For the 

 theory and use of the microscope, see " The jNIicroscope," Gage, Com- 

 stock Pub. Co., Ithaca, X. Y. Practical rules for pupils are given by 

 Peabody (see under Bacteria, p. 2.j7). 



Razors, flat on one side, are needed if pupils make sections them- 

 selves ; together with strops for sharpening (get a barljer to hone 

 razors), pith for holding objects sectioned, and cheap camel's-hair 

 brushes for lemoving sections from razor to slide. 



Alcohol (commercial, diluted one half) may be kept on the table in 

 2-ounce bottles with pipettes fitted into the corks. Bottles for potash, 

 glycerine, and iodine, are made with ground glass stoppers drawn out 

 into droppers (1-ounce " dropping bottles " of dealers), for l.j-2(l cents 

 each. Put two 1-incli pieces of stick potash into liottle, and fill up 

 with water. Use glycerine one third strength, and tinge with eosin. 

 Prepare aqueous iodine as before directed (with KI). 



Plants for study. — Material may be bought of supply companies 

 (Cambridge Botanical Supply Co., Camliridge, Mass.; Geo. 31. Gray, 

 'iVood's Holl, _Mass. ; Itliaca Botanical Supply Co., Ithaca, X. Y.). 

 Slides may be bought of dealers in microscopical accessories. ^laterial 

 collected by the teacher is best preserved in 70% alcohol. AVben the 

 Habitats of plants recommended for study are not mentioned in the 

 descriptive text, they are given below, together with the times for col- 

 lecting, the dates given being applicable to Xew England. 



Books. — Strasburger's text-book will give the main facts on 

 Cryptogams. Bennett and Murray's '-Handbook of Cryptogamic 

 Botany" (Longmans, Green & Co., Xew York, •'?.3.00) gives fulh-r de- 

 tails. On Algce, see George JNIurray's "Introduction to the Study of 



