CRYPTOGAMIV LABOUATORY STUDIES 257 



Seaweeds." For a full treatment of Fungi, see De Barj's "Compara- 

 tive Morphology and Biology of the Fungi, Mycetozoa, and Bacteria" 

 (Clarendon Press, 1887). For names of many connnon fleshy Fungi, 

 refer to W. II. Gibson's " Our Edible Toadstools and Mushrooms " 

 ( Harper Bios.) ; for Lichens, to Schneider's " Guide to the Lichens " 

 (Bradlee Whidden, Boston); for Mosses, to A. J. Grout's "Mosses 

 with a Hand Lens " (Grout, 360 Lenox Road, Brooklyn, N. Y.) ; for 

 Ferns, Lycopodiums, etc., Gray's "Manual." 



346. Nostoc. — Alternative, Oscillatoria, found on surface of mud 

 where covered with (especially foul) water, also on the surface of 

 pools, also as a slii)pery coating on rocks iu rapidly flowing streams. 

 Easier to find tlian Nostoc. The former (as well as Nostoc) often in 

 greenhouses. It is an open question whether the cell or the chain is 

 tlie " individual." 



347. Pleurococcus. — See descriptive text. 



348. Fpirogyra. — Conjugating nuiterial may be sought in late April 

 and May. Examine with the lens floating masses turning yellowish. — 

 The cells treated with glycerine are pUismolijzed, when the protoplasmic 

 contents is driven away from the walls. Emphasize the separability 

 of wall and protoplasm. 



352. Vaucheria. — On pots in greenhouses. It is said that material 

 showing both kinds of reproduction mentioned in text, may be 

 obtained by throwing mats of the plant into jars half full of water 

 about six weeks before use, and placing the jar in strong light. 



355. Ectocarpus. — Sporangia may be found inlcrcnliited in llic fila- 

 ments, as well as at the ends of branches. Gametangia = pileurilocular 

 sporangia. 



356. Rockweed (Fucus) . — Abundant on rocks between tide marks ; 

 in "fruit" more or less throughout the year. At its best, perhaps, in 

 summer and autumn. Break open the fruiting portions and examine 

 with hand lens. — Wet the razor with alcohol. jMake many sections 

 before removing any from razor, then, on the slide, select the thinnest 

 for study. 



359. Polysiplionia may be found epiphytic on Ascophyllum. The 

 latter is the dark (almost black) Rockweed, with thick narrow fronds 

 without midrib, in which are elongated, bean-shaped bladders. In 

 buying Polysiphouia specify tetraspores. 



361. Nemalion. — The fronds are made up of essentially independent 

 filaments. — Batrachospernium may be used as alternative. It grows 

 on stones in running brooks. The carpogonia and antheridia are 

 found early in the season (April). 



362. Bacteria. — This subject is of the highest practical importance, 

 and, if possible, should be treated with considerable fullness. Dwell 

 on the relation of cleanliness, in household and person, to health. 

 The laboratory studies should, if possible, be extended in some such 



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