144 THE WHENGB AND TEE WHITEER OF MAN 



control. And the will becomes more and more power- 

 ful as the motives become higher. It is almost a mis- 

 use of language to speak of the will of a slave of appe- 

 tite. He is governed by the body, not at all by the 

 mind. 



The man who is governed by prudential considera- 

 tions, and is always asking. Will it pay ? is the incar- 

 nation of fickleness, instability, and feebleness. The 

 apparent strength of the selfish will is usually a hollow 

 sham. But truth, right, and love are motives stronger 

 than death. And the wiU, dominated by these, gives 

 the body to be burned. The man of the futtire will 

 have an iron will, because he will keep these highest 

 motives constantly before his mind. 



In the preceding lectures we have traced the se- 

 quence of functions and have found that brain and 

 mind, not digestion and muscle, are the goal of animal 

 development. In this lecture we have attempted to 

 trace a corresponding series of functions in the realm 

 of mind. We have found, I think, that there has been 

 an orderly and logical development of perceptions, 

 modes of action, and finally of motives in the animal 

 mind. Let us now briefly review this history and see 

 whether it throws any light on the path of man's future 

 progress. 



Most of the sensory cells of the animal minister at 

 first to reflex action, and there is thus little true per- 

 ception. The stimuli which have called forth the reflex 

 action may result afterward in consciousness ; but un- 

 til brain and muscle have reached a higher grade, this 

 could be of but slight benefit to the animal. Percep- 

 tion and consciousness are exercised mainly in the 

 recognition and attainment of food. When the animal 



