MAN 219 



side — and it has a radical side — is really the conserva- 

 tive bulwark of all that is essentially worth possessing 

 in the past. 



But every factor in man's development tends toward 

 intellectual and spiritual development. Man's vast 

 increase of brain ; his finely balanced body ; his upright 

 gait; setting his hands free from the work of loco- 

 motion that they might become the skilfwl servants of 

 the mind ; finally, articulate speech and social, and, 

 above aU, family, life, all tended in this same direction. 



And this makes the great difficulty in assigning man 

 his proper place in our systems of classification. Our 

 zoological classifications depend upon anatomical char- 

 acteristics ; and anatomically man belongs among the 

 order primates. But mental and moral values cannot 

 be expressed in terms of anatomy, any more than we 

 can speak of an idea of so many horse-power, and 

 hence worth three or four ancestral dollars. Hence, 

 while from the zoological standpoint man is a primate, 

 and while he is very probably descended from one of 

 these, he has gradually risen above them mentally and 

 spiritually, so that he stands as far above them as they 

 above the lowest worm. And this leads us to the con- 

 sideration of man, not merely as a mammal, but as 

 " Anthropos," Homo sapiens, although he often degen- 

 erates into " Simia destructor." 



From what has just been said man's pre-eminence 

 cannot consist in any anatomical characteristic, even 

 of the brain — much less of thumb, forefinger, hand, or 

 foot. But man's mental and moral characteristics 

 (even though germs of these may be present in the 

 animal), whether differing in degree or kind from theirs, 

 raise his life to a totally different plane. He lives in 



