THE HISTORY OF GARDEN-MAKING 



through those Groves passeth the river Nader having of breadth in 

 this place 44 foote, upon which is built the bridge of the breadth 

 of the greate walke. In the midst of the aforesayd Groves are two 

 great statues of white marble, of eight foote high, the one of Bacchus 

 and the other of Flora, and on the sides ranging with the Platts of 

 flowers are two covered Arbors of 300 foote long and diverse 

 allies. Att the beginning of the third and last division are, on 

 either side of the great walke, two Ponds with Fountaynes and 

 two Collumnes in the midle, casting water all their height which 

 causeth the moveing and turning of two crownes att the top of 

 the same, and beyond is a Compartment of greene with diverse 

 walkes planted with cherrie trees and in the midle is the Great 

 Oval with the Gladiator of brass ; the most famous Statue of all 

 that antiquity hath left. On the sydes of this compartiment and 

 answering the Platts of flowers and long arbours are three arbours 

 of either side with twining Galleryes communicating themselves one 

 into another. Att the end of the greate walke is a Portico of stone 

 cutt and adorned with Pilasters and Nyches, within which are 4 

 figures of white marble of 5 foote high. Of either side of the sayd 

 portico is an assent leading up to the terrasse, upon the steps 

 whereof instead of Ballasters are sea monsters casting water from 

 one and the other from the top to the bottome, and above the sayd 

 portico is a great reserve of water for the grotto." 

 But within a very few years an extensive revision of the work done 

 by de Caux was carried out at Wilton. A new designer appeared, 

 Inigo Jones, who had studied the neo-classic style in Italy, and had 

 given special attention to the productions of Palladio. The know- 

 ledge he had acquired abroad of the Renaissance methods he turned 

 to such excellent account when he came home that he was able to 

 set a fashion which, if not actually new, was at all events suiBciently 

 novel to become widely popular. He gave a great impetus to the 

 Italian revival, which had made a beginning in England a century 

 before, and he exercised a very real influence upon house and garden 

 architecture. The modifications and additions for which he was 

 responsible at Wilton — among them the beautifully proportioned 

 Palladian bridge over the river — were typical of the changes which 

 he and his followers made in many other gardens, and had no 

 little significance as evidences of the alterations which were being 

 brought about in the public taste by the introduction of a new 

 architectural sentiment. The Italian villa surrounded by appro- 

 priate gardens became quite common in this country, and many of 

 the examples of the earlier garden-making which had been preserved 



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