Roads and Paths 87 



two years. Such a road is sufficiently strong to 

 bear any travel imposed upon a parkway and has 

 an advantage over the macadamized roads built 

 in England in that it is smooth and even as soon 

 as it is finished and is pleasant for driving, while 

 the macadamized roads, which consist entirely 

 of broken granite, are comfortable only after con- 

 siderable travel has smoothed them down, being 

 at first very hard on horses and foot travelers, and 

 even later broken edges of the stone will always 

 protrude here and there. 



Footpaths I build on the same principle, ex- 

 cept that I often take only coal ashes or broken 

 clinkers, mixed with plaster or building refuse, 

 instead of the broken stone, and cover all with 

 fine gravel. (See Plate V; f, the transverse section 

 of the road, and g, the surface.) In localities 

 where the brownish, so-called " Windsor gravel " 

 is found, — in England only in a few districts 

 of the kingdom, — it forms a compact mass, and 

 is not disturbed by moisture as easily as loam. 

 In order to make a good path, it is only neces- 

 sary to dump a six-inch layer of this Windsor 

 gravel over the drain; it is as smooth as a par- 

 quet floor, never requires weeding, and needs 

 only to be picked up and rolled every spring. If 

 one does not possess this excellent gravel, the 

 yellowish-brown color of which stands out so 

 well against the green of the lawn, the drives 

 must be weeded as often as twice or thrice a year, 

 which, however, is necessary only on the borders, 

 and which, as well as the clipping of the grass 



