CONTENTS. 



PAST I. 

 GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. 



General prmcipleB of zoogeography. — ^Faunal variation. — Faunas of isola- 

 tion. — Belations of past and present faunas. — Origination of faunas . 1 



II. 



Areas of specific distribution. — Generic distribution. — Distribution of fam- 

 ilies and orders. — Conterminous and discontinuous areas of distribu- 

 tion 17 



III. 



Conditions affecting distribution. — Climate. — Food-supply. — Barriers to 

 migration. — Migrations of mammals and birds. — Dispersal of amphib- 

 ians and reptiles. — Dispersal of insects and moUusks . . . .35 



IV. 



Zoological regions. — Holarotio realm. — Neotropical. — Ethiopian.— Orien- 

 tal. — Australian. — Polynesian. — Tyrrhenian, Sonoran, and Austro- 



ysian transition regions 55 



Distribution of marine life. — Nature of the deep-sea fauna.— Oceanic 

 pelagic fauna. — Littoral fauna. — Pelagic faunas of lakes. — Deep-lake 

 faunas ............. 109 



