ACTIVE AND DORMANT BUDS 211 
Occasionally ringing is employed to induce the formation of fruit 
buds, in which case a narrow ring of bark is removed from the 
trunk or branches in order to sever the phloem, and thus, by 
cutting off the escape of the foods to the roots, bring about their 
accumulation in the branches. Favorable 
conditions for food formation in the leaves, 
such as light and free circulation of air 
and the addition of soil fertilizers, also L 
have an effect upon the formation of WIVTY 
fruit buds. WAL INY 
Active and Dormant Buds. — Many : 
more buds are produced than can develop \ii \V/ 
into branches, for, if all buds were to de- | [| SAW 
velop, branches would be so numerous | \\{ i J i 
and crowded that none of them could do if 
well. The food supply and proper light 
—— 
oe 
relations permit the expansion of only a \ Fj 
few buds. Consequently, many buds lie WONG j 
dormant one or more seasons or through- ‘ iF j f 
out the life of the plant. Usually the \ yy | 
more terminally located a bud is, the more WAS 
likely it is to be active. Thus the ter- 
minal buds of the main branches are less 
likely to be dormant than the terminal 25 
buds of the branches less prominent, and =; = 
oe 
aang 
— 
of the lateral buds often a large per cent pa en 
remain dormant. An examination of the 
branches of most trees shows many leaf Ch i 
x : ; erry, a type of tree in 
sears with dormant buds which most likely \nich terminal growth is 
will remain dormant and finally become prominent, resulting in the 
obscured by the thickening of the bark, development of a central 
just as many others have. shaft called a leader. 
The dormancy of buds seems to be due saber Dy Hip Bailey 
to checks imposed upon them from without and not to condi- 
tions within the bud, for most dormant buds can be induced 
to become active by the removal of the active buds. Thus 
when the terminal buds of branches are removed, some of the 
dormant lateral buds become active. Use is made of this prin- 
ciple in inducing shade trees and fruit trees to acquire certain 
desirable shapes. 
Fic. 192.—Sweet 
