"^37^ Jj^fXlGS 1^£1Y 57 



Not only IS oxygen more necessary to life than food and water — not only 

 does the lack of sufficient oxygen reduce the milk yield — but it affects the 

 health and vitality of the animal, making her less able to resist disease. 



Now, out-of-doors the cow gets all the pure air, all the oxxigen she needs. 

 But it IS far different in the winter time, when she is confined to the barn. 



In many barns, the cows must breathe the same air over and over, except- 

 ing for the small proportion which may leak in from outside through cracks 

 and through the occasional opening of a door. 



To get the most milk possible from his cows and to make more profits, the 

 owner must in some way bring plenty of pure air to the cow's nostrils. 



Since air is the most important element in maintaining life and energy — 

 since a cow consumes twice the weight of air that she does of food and water 

 combined — and since air costs absolutely nothing — the owner of cows can 

 afford to study this matter carefully, and make certain that his animals are 

 being fed all the ox\)gen they need. 



The water vapor present in breathed air must also be removed from the 

 barn. 



The moisture thrown off by the average cow in twenty-four hours amounts 

 to 1 1 Yi pounds, or 1 Yi gallons of water. 



Thirty cows will load the air in the stable with 1 ^:; barrels of water daily. 



If that amount of excess moisture is permitted to stay in the barn, the results 

 are harmful not only to the cows but to the barn itself, rotting the sills and 

 timbers and shortening the life of the building. 



This excess moisture in the stable air causes that disagreeable "steaming" 

 so noticeable in many barns on cold days. 



This "steaming" is a sure sign that the moisture is not being carried off 

 by the ventilating system, that the air in the stable is not being changed with 

 sufficient frequency to keep it fresh and pure. 



If the ventilating system used in the barn is a successful one, all this 

 moisture will be promptly removed; but if there is too slow a change of air 

 this moisture will remain in the barn, condensing on walls and ceiling, making 

 the harness damp and frosty and the hay heavy and wet. 



How to Ventilate the Barn 



With the right system of ventilation, the stable may be kept comfortable 

 at all times, yet the air will be pure and free from odors. 



Some think that the opening of the haychutes provides proper ventilation. 

 While this may effect a sufficient change of air in the stable, it does it at the 

 expense of heat, making the barn cold; removing all of the warmest air which 

 is at the ceiling. 



