^^7£e JAC^GS bJa.V 71 



The foul air is ordinarily removed from the barn at the floor through onc 

 or more outtake flues, the principal reason for so doing being to prevent undue 

 loss of heat, as ofttimes happens when the foul air is removed at the ceiling. 



The air at the inside opening of the outtake being warmer than the air 

 out-of-doors, starts an upward current in the flue, just as the kindling of a fire 

 in the stove starts a draft that gradually becomes strong. 



This movement is also assisted to some extent by the wind blowing across 

 the top of the outtake, ]ust as a chimney has a stronger draft when the wind 

 IS blowing hard. 



However, if dependence is placed on the difference in temperature between 

 the air in the stable and that out-of-doors, the system will not always work 

 satisfactorily in the warmer weather. 



The James ventilator has been developed to increase the air movement, 

 and make more certain the uniform operation of the ventilating system. 



This is accomplished by taking full advantage of the power of the wind, 

 creating a suction that exerts a powerful pull on the air in the outtake flue. 



Scientific tests by a competent engineer, as well as tests in actual use in 

 dairy barns, have proven that with this principle in ventilators, 30 to 65 "r, 

 better ventilation is secured as compared with the old wooden cupola and the 

 ordinary ventilators on the market. 



Although it is usually desirable to remove foul air from the floor level in 

 order to conserve the heat, it is sometimes found that this method fails to 

 remove enough of the moisture. 



That moist air rises is evidenced by the fact that steam, which is air 100% 

 saturated with moisture, always rises. The moisture in a barn will, therefore, 

 tend to collect at the ceiling. 



An opening in the outtake flue should be provided at the ceiling to remove 

 this moisture, on days when it is excessive, this opening to be the same size 

 as the opening at the floor, and provided with a slide that it may be opened or 

 closed as conditions may require. 



This opening at the ceiling may also be used to remove the warm air in 

 warm weather. 



The Intakes 



Every foot of foul air removed from the stable will, of course, be at once 

 replaced by an equal amount of fresh air. The fresh air enters at the ceiling 

 through intakes in the walls of the stable, the inlets of which in the outside of 

 the wall are located about halfway between floor and ceiling. The purpose 

 of this is to "trap" the heat within the stable. The warm air being lighter 

 than cold, cannot get out through the intake flues. 



