pyramidal, ovoid or acute, covered with whitish or brownish wool at summit, when opening in 

 spring grayish-violet or nearly white, becoming greenish-violet; tendrils mostly once forked, 

 sometimes twice, 3' to 5' to fork, intermittent, woolly when young, persistent, intemodes medium 

 in length, 3' to 6' or more, variable in same branch; pith large, light brown, abruptly and broadly 

 terminating above, narrow and gradually terminating below the diaphragm, especially so in 

 Sierra Nevada Mountain specimens. 



Leaves: Stipules small to medium, cordate, membranaceous, hairy; petiole generally about 

 half as long as blade is wide, narrowly grooved on upper side, distinctly striated ; thinly covered 

 with white cottony hairs and velvety pubescence, color violet or crimson ; blade medium to large, 

 varies in size from 2' to 4' in length by 3' to 5' or more in width; shape broadly cordate or nearly 

 reniform; basal sinus acute or often obtuse, rounded ; basal lobes more or less closed, often lapping ; 

 outline usually entire or 3 to rarely 5 shallow, obtuse lobes, with narrow rounded sinwSes ; summit 

 rounded, or obtuse pointed, teeth medium broad, nearly regular, shallow, convex or with margins 

 nearly straight, obtuse or right angled, not mucronate; venation from generally 6 pairs of not 

 quite opposite, very little elevated, pubescent ribs; pubescent tufts in forks, sp'aCe between 

 ribs thinly or not at all felted with silky hairs; upper face at first covered with whitish 

 silky hairs, but soon becoming smooth; at maturity when about to shed, the leaves often change 

 to, a, bright orange red or scarlet. Leaves on seedlings first year not lobed. '■ 



Cluster: Fertile, — small 3' to 4' or more long; shouldered heavily, similar to many 

 V. vulpina; compact; peduncle very short; rachis usually simple or little compounded, thinly 

 cottony; clear reddish-violet; pedicels 1/4' or less long, rather thick, enlarging rapidly toward 

 the receptacle, warty. 



Flowers : As I have never been able to grow the species here to bearing age, owing to sen- 

 sitiveness to cold and mildew, I have not been able to study the flower sufficiently to give an 

 exact description more than that they are much as in V. Arizonica, and in V. cinerea, very small 

 and delicate. 



Berries: 1/3' to 1/2' in diameter, round or httle oblate, black, with heavy prunose bloom; 

 persistent; skin rather thick, pulp seedy with Httle juice, very sugary and pleasantly flavored. 



Seeds: 2 to 4, mostly 3, large 1/5' to 1/4' long by 1/6' to 1/5' broad, obovate, of a light brown 

 burnt coffee color, dull, not shining; beak large, short, and blunt; raphe large, prominent, running 

 over the rounded end of the seed and distinct down to base of beak; chalaza long-ovate, prominent, 

 frequently salient above the surface of seed, flat or convex, surrounded by a shallow groove; ventral 

 depressions short, shallow, about parallel with raphe, rather wide apart. 



Plantlet: Seed-leaves medium to large, ovate or cordate, pale green with short petioles. 

 Natively it is found along streams, also on hillsides, along dry ravines, etc., in Middle and North- 

 em California, especially in the Sacramento Valley and in the Rogue River Valley in South- 

 western Oregon. , 



My description has been made from specimens of leaves and seeds from Prof. W G. Klee, of 

 Berkeley, California, of leaves, branches, and fruit from Prof. J. P. Munson, Placeryille, Cali- 

 fornia, and many vines in fruit, seen by myself in numerous places in Central and Northern Cali- 

 fornia, and along Rogue River, Southern Oregon. Leaves from Orr Brown, obtained from wild 

 vines in Josephine County, Oregon, and from plants grown by myself at Denison, Texas. Prof. 

 Geo. Husmann sent me specimen leaves and fruit from a vine in Napa Valley, which he thought 

 related to V. mstivalis and quite different from other wild vines there. This proves to be very 

 much of the character of a hybrid. between V Calif ornica and V. vinifera. 



Viticultural Observations and Remarks 



Germination early, vigorous, about with or little later than V. Arizonica; blooms generally 

 with or before V. vinifera, ripens rather early to medium. The beautiful crimson tints of the 



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