j5^, r., Secretary, b., Superb • t-it. b., Triumph ' ttAt- w., Ulster ' -fy, r., Vergennes • j-^, r., 

 Woodruff ' ^, r., Wyoming , -g^, r., Wilder , ^|^, b., Waverly, b., and others received from 

 originators for testing. 



Labrusca X Vulpina Hybrids. 



Bacchus • ^ to |, b., Bartholomew ' j-^, b., Berckmans ^ (Clinton X Delaware) ' j%, r., 

 Clinton ' ^j^^, b., Elvira ' -j-^, w., Missouri Riesling ' -j-^, b., Montefiore ' -j-^, b., Nectar ' 

 b., Noah , -j-^, w., Sherman * as^a . b., Taylor , ^\. 



5 

 1 0' 



Supposed Labrusca X Bourquiniana Hybrids. 



Delaware * B-fiT' r., Early Victor ' -j^, b., Golden Gem * -5% to |, w., Jessica ' , w., Pough- 

 keepsie * -g-^, r., Walter • yo^s' i"- 



y. rotundifolia f , -j-f ^, a number of wild vines from Arkansas and East Texas, and the following 

 cultivated varieties, — Flowers , ^, b., James , g-f^, b., Scuppernong , 

 ■g-\, amber, Tenderpulp , g-f-Q, b., Thomas , -5-^5, b. 

 V. Munsoniana f , ^-f 5, b., more than a score of vines from different parts of Florida. 



From the foregoing list it appears that the most promising elements in American and foreign 

 grapes have been before the writer for study and use in his work of selecting and hybridizing. 

 (See results in Chapter IV.) 



The Ideal Variety 



In order to make intelligent selection of vines for parents, it is not only necessary to have 

 abundance of material, that is, varieties of diverse character to suit all purposes, but the origi- 

 nator must have determined the special character of variety desired, to suit a particular soil 

 and climate, and best serve the use for which it is designed, as for market, table or wine. 



But included in every variety for special purposes, there are general qualities that every 

 valuable variety must possess, and these general qualities, combined, go to make up the ideal 

 vine. 



These general qualities are: — 



1. Great vigor, hardiness, long life, in the climate for which it is desired. 



2. Greatest possible resistance to Phylloxera, Downy Mildew, Black Rot, and Leaf Folder. 



3. Easily grown from cuttings. 



4. Perfect flowers, so that the vine will bear well standing alone. 



5. Prolific bearing. 



6. Large, full, handsome clusters. 



7. Berries persistent to the pedicels, with thin, delicate, yet tough, non-cracking skin, 

 without astringency or bitterness; color bright; pulp meaty, yet tender, juicy, readily 

 freeing the seeds, of pure fine quality, rich in sugar and agreeably sprightly with acid, 

 and having a pleasing characteristic flavor ; seeds few and small ; if for table or market, 

 berry large; of good keeping quality. 



Of course, no such perfectly ideal varieties are ever found wild, but the more of these points 

 possessed by the parent the less the time required in breeding to secure valuable varieties. 



With the very best that nature ever does, there yet remains a vast amount for the experi- 

 menter to accomplish by selection and hybridization. 



Personal Qualifications Necessary in the Originator 



This work requires not only theoretical knowledge, but also direct personal knowledge, 

 experience, skill, and much of the inventive faculty, with great patience and perseverance, with- 

 out the stimulus of money-making in it, for there is little to the originator. There is no law 

 providing protection to the inventions (varieties) of an originator, as there is to the less meri- 



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