HOW TO KNOW THE BUTTERFLIES 



surface. If necessary the scales can be removed 

 from a small part of a wing with a small brush in 

 order to expose the veins. A drop of chloro- 

 form applied to a wing causes the veins to be 

 more prominent for a moment ; the chloroform 

 soon evaporates and leaves the wing uninjured. 



At the base of each fore wing there is a prom- 

 inent scalelike appendage ; these are known as 

 the patagia. 



The third and last region of the body, the ab- 

 domen, requires little discussion in this place. It 

 consists of several ringlike segments, and bears 

 appendages at the caudal end connected with the 

 organs of reproduction. The forms of these ap- 

 pendages vary greatly in the different species, 

 consequently much attention is devoted to them 

 in the more technical works. 



III. THE CLOTHING OF BUTTERFLIES 



Every country lad knows that if a butterfly 

 be handled there comes off from it upon the 

 fingers a dustlike substance ; this is the clothing 

 of the butterfly. If this dust is examined with 

 a microscope each particle is seen to be of regular 

 form, although a wide range of forms may be 

 obtained from a single butterfly. The form that 

 is most abundant on the wings is a flattened 



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