GENERAL ACCOUNT OF BUTTERFLIES 



fitted to be the outlets of glands. The odor 

 emitted by these scent-glands is supposed to 

 attract the females ; as do the bright plumage 

 and the songs of male birds. 



To these scales, characteristic of the males, 

 has been applied the name androconia (an-dro- 

 co'ni-a), a word signify- 

 ing male dust. 



Androconia are of re- 

 markable and various 

 forms. "Among the 

 Nymphalidae the andro- 

 conia are usually long, 

 slender, and feathered at 

 the tip (Fig. 12, a); in 

 the Pieridas they are 

 usually fringed at the 

 apex and heart-shaped 

 at the base, the pedicel 

 being peculiarly devel- 

 oped into a slender stem with a ball at its tip 

 (Fig. 12, 6) ; in the Lycasnidas a battledore shape 

 is presented, the scale usually being quite small 

 (Fig. 12, c). The androconia are found almost 

 without exception on the upper side of the wings, 

 and are more commonly met with on the fore 

 wings than on the hind wings. They are often 



19 



Fig. 12. — Androconia from the 

 wings of male butterflies. 



