HOW TO KNOW THE BUTTERFLIES 



pupiled, a turquoise blue pupil above and a black velvety one 

 below. There are a pair of pale yellow spots rimmed with 

 black and with blue centers near the front edge of the first 

 abdominal segment. Each of the other abdominal segments 

 bears six blue oval dots edged with black. 



Food-plants. — Spice bush, sassafras, and others. 



The whole eolor effect of this butterfly when 

 on the wing is velvety black with a sheen of 

 green that shades into the paler greenish spots on 

 the border of the wings. The tails are paddle- 

 shaped and are set at right angles to the plane of 

 the wing, so that when seen from above they 

 look like mere lines. The green-clouded swal- 

 low-tail flies swiftly, and its shimmering wings 

 seem never to tire as it flutters on and on just 

 above the low herbage of lowdying fields or the 

 marshy growth of open wet woods. 



The caterpillar is most secretive in character; 

 when young, it bites a furrow from near the tip of 

 a leaf to the midrib and folds the end over on the 

 leaf, holding it there by loose threads of silk ; in 

 this retreat it rests. In its later stages it folds 

 together the two edges of an entire leaf, leaving a 

 passageway next to the petiole out of the nest thus 

 made. It keeps this nest very clean and never 

 feeds upon the folded leaf of its home, always go- 

 ing forth to eat other leaves when it is hungry. 



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