HOW TO KNOW THE BUTTERFLIES 



have never known how they esteemed us. We 

 watched them by the hour from the time they 

 were little black spiny creatures until they at- 

 tained the gorgeous green, gold and black velvet 

 costume of mature larvahood. We saw them 

 shed their " dresses " on little silken carpets which 

 they seemed to weave for the purpose. We ad- 

 mired the neat and methodical way in which they 

 trimmed off the caraway leaf, taking a leaflet at a 

 time up one side, and making a " clean job" of 

 it down the other. We poked them with straws 

 to make them push out their orange horns, and we 

 understood that this was an act of defiance ; but 

 we never thought of connecting with it the strong, 

 sickening odor of caraway which we often per- 

 ceived when playing with the caterpillars. Once 

 we saw two large ones marching with slow, dig- 

 nified tread toward each other on a slender stem ; 

 on they came until they were in actual contact, 

 and then they drew back spitefully and butted 

 each other like a pair of billy goats ; we heard 

 the whacks distinctly three or four times, when 

 both suddenly turned around in a panic and fled 

 in the opposite direction with all possible haste. 



The " caraway-worms " were the ones that re- 

 vealed to us the mystery of the pupa and butter- 

 fly. We saw one climb up the side of a house 



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