HOW TO KNOW THE BUTTERFLIES 



The Cabbage Butterfly 



Pieris rapee (Pi'e-ris rapa;) 



Plate XIV, Fig. 1-5; Plate III 



Several varieties of this species are known, among which 

 are the following : 



(1) The Typical Form, Pieris raptzrapa. — The upperside 

 of the wings is dull white, occasionally tinged with yellow, 

 especially in the female ; there is a grayish-black patch across 

 the apex of the front wings, and a spot of the same color in 

 cell M 3 , also a similar spot on the costal margin of the hind 

 wings; in the female there is a second spot on the front 

 wings in cell Cu, 2 ; on the under side the fore wings are 

 white, with the apex yellow, and with two black spots in both 

 sexes corresponding to the two on the upper side of the fe- 

 male ; the hind wings are pale yellow, without marks, but 

 sprinkled with dark scales. Expanse of wings about one and 

 three-fourths inches. 



The typical form is dimorphic ; the spring brood, which 

 come from wintering chrysalids, is composed of smaller but- 

 terflies, which are of a duller white than the summer butter- 

 flies and with smaller black markings on the middle and tip 

 of the wings. 



(2) The Sulphur Variety, Pieris rapa novanglia. — This 

 form is characterized by having the ground color of the upper 

 surface of the wings a uniform, delicate, canary yellow ; the 

 dusky markings are as in the typical form. 



(3) The Spotless Form, Pieris rapce immaculata. — This 

 differs from the typical form in having no spots. It can be 

 recognized by the yellowish tinge of the lower side of the 

 hind wings, as in the typical form. 



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