HOW TO KNOW THE BUTTERFLIES 



as long as the middle segment. The color of the wings in one 

 of our species is black with an outer marginal row of red 

 spots, but it is usually fulvous, with the front wings broadly 

 margined, especially at the apex, with black. 



This is a large group, nearly sixty species occurring in 

 North America. But nearly all of these are restricted to the 

 far West ; only five have been found in the Atlantic States, 

 and one of these is rare. Our four common species can be 

 separated by the following table : 



A. Apex of the front wings produced, so that the outer margin 

 is about as long as the inner margin; color black with a row 

 of red spots next the outer margin, and two or more rows 

 of yellow spots on outer half of wings. (£. phaeton), 

 p. 125. The Baltimore. 



AA. The outer margin of the front wings much shorter than 

 the inner margin ; color of wings fulvous checked with black 

 or black spotted with fulvous. 



B. The outer margin of the wings on the lower side with 

 distinct, narrow, yellow, terminal line of nearly uniform 

 width. (C. nycteis), p. 127. The Silver Crescent. 



BB. Terminal line, if present, greatly narrowed at the cross- 

 ing of each vein. 



C. Lower side of hind wings with a broad, transverse 

 central band of white or light buff spots. (C. harrisii), 

 p. 126. Harris's Butterfly. 



CC. Lower side of hind wings without a broad, trans- 

 verse, central band of white or light buff spots. (P. 

 tharos), p. 129. The Pearl Crescent. 



124 



