HOW TO KNOW THE BUTTERFLIES 



tinguishable from above, but differ in the markings of the 

 lower surface of the hind wings. 



(i) The Spring Form, Phyciodes tharos tharos. — The 

 ground color of the lower side of the hind wings varies from 

 bright yellow to brown sometimes with much white over the 

 basal area, and has strongly contrasting markings. This form 

 was described by Edwards under the name marcia. 



(2) The Summer Form, Phyciodes tharos morpheus. — The 

 ground color of the lower side of the hind wings is a yellow- 

 buff with comparatively inconspicuous markings especially in 

 the male. 



This is a widely distributed species ranging from British 

 Columbia and Labrador to Mexico and from the Atlantic to 

 Montana and Colorado. In the extreme North it is single- 

 brooded and only the spring form occurs. In New England 

 it is double-brooded, and the second brood is of the summer 

 form. In the South there are several broods. 



Caterpillar. — Length, three-fourths of an inch. Body 

 ornamented with rows of yellowish spines ; body color black 

 with yellow dots and a yellow band along the side. 



Food-plant. — Asters. 



The general color effect of this butterfly is red 

 brown with uneven blackish margins ; but when 

 examined closely the markings above and below 

 are seen to be most elaborate. It is very numer- 

 ous, and is found everywhere in the United States 

 except in southern Florida and in the Southwest. 

 It loves open, sunny, weedy places, and is one of 

 the butterflies which loves to drink socially with 



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