HOW TO KNOW THE BUTTERFLIES 



under sides of the wings are marked and marbled 

 with beautiful and intricate patterns in browns 

 that vary from reddish to seal, and in grays of 

 all shades ; and each hind wing bears wrought in 

 shining silver an " initial " which characterizes 

 the species. In flight all these butterflies follow 

 a zigzag course, so swiftly that the eye can 

 scarcely follow them. They frequent woodsy 

 paths and roads and are likely to alight on the 

 trunk of a tree or on the ground and close their 

 wings, the variegated browns of the under sur- 

 face rendering them almost invisible. The cater- 

 pillars are spiny, and the head is sometimes 

 adorned with a pair of thorny spines. The chrys- 

 alids are angular, usually the color of dead leaves, 

 and are made inconspicuous by both colors and 

 pattern. 



The Violet-tip 



Polygonia interrogationis (Pol-y-go'ni-a in-ter-ro-ga-ti-o'nis) 



Plate XXIII, Fig. i, 2, 4, 6 



This species differs from its allies found in the East by the 

 presence of a black spot on the upper surface near the base of 

 cell M a of the front wings, a short distance from the black 

 bar on the discal vein, and opposite the spot in cell M s ; and 

 in the form of the silvery mark on the lower surface of the 

 hind wings, which consists of a dot and crescent, resembling 



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