HOW TO KNOW THE BUTTERFLIES 



of diverting the attention of any of its foes, 

 which should they start out exploring the mid- 

 rib and encounter this worthless bundle would 

 straightway turn back in disgust. After the sec- 

 ond molt it rests by day on a twig or a leaf- 

 petiole. 



At first the caterpillar is cylindrical in shape 

 though somewhat warty, but as it molts it changes 

 form and becomes most grotesque in appearance. 

 It is humpy and spiny, and the enlarged second 

 thoracic segment bears two tall branched spines 

 like the pompons of a drum-major. It has sev- 

 eral absurd habits ; sometimes it rests with its 

 head bent and the pompons touching the leaf and 

 its tail in the air as if it were trying to stand on 

 its head ; or it moves fitfully and sometimes 

 trembles and shakes as if it were experiencing a 

 chill. Mr. Scudder says that it leans its head on 

 the leaf or by the side of the stem on which it is 

 resting as if " weary of this world " ; and when at- 

 tacked, swings the head in a "ferocious fashion." 



The chrysalis is peculiar in shape. The back of 

 the second abdominal segment bears a large ex- 

 crescence that has been compared to a" Roman 

 nose." 



Most of the species are two-brooded in the 

 North, and some of them are three-brooded. The 



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