HOW TO KNOW THE BUTTERFLIES 



a single species of this family the wanderer (Feniseca) vein 

 M 1 coalesces with radius for a considerable distance beyond 

 the apex of cell R + M. 



The gossamer-winged butterflies can be distinguished from 

 the metal-marks by the absence of the costal and humeral 

 veins of the hind wings. 



In the female the front legs are like the other legs, in the 

 male they are shorter, without tarsal claws, and with the 

 tarsi more or less aborted. 



The caterpillars of the Lycaenidse present a very un- 

 usual form, being more or less slug-like. The body is short 

 and broad ; the legs and prolegs are short and small, allowing 

 the body to be closely pressed to the object upon which the 

 insect is moving — in fact some of the species glide rather than 

 creep ; and the head is small, and can be retracted more or less 

 within the prothorax. The body is armed with no conspicu- 

 ous appendages ; but some of the species are remarkable for 

 having honey-tubes which can be pushed out from the seventh 

 and eighth abdominal segments, and through which honey- 

 dew is excreted for the use of ants. Certain other species are 

 remarkable in being carnivorous ; one American species feeds 

 exclusively upon plant-lice. 



The chrysalids are short, broad, ovate, and without angu- 

 lations. They are attached by the caudal extremity, and by 

 a loop passing over the body near its middle. The ventral 

 aspect of the body is straight and often closely pressed to the 

 object to which the chrysalis is attached. 



The family includes three well-marked groups of genera, 

 which have been distinguished as the hair-streaks, the coppers, 

 and the blues. These groups can be separated by the follow- 

 ing table : 



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