HOW TO KNOW THE BUTTERFLIES 



C. Larger butterflies, expanding one and three-eighths 

 inches. (C. ladon ladon.) 



The Late Spring Form. 



CC. Smaller butterflies, expanding one and three-six- 

 teenths inches. (C. ladon neglecta.) 



The Summer Form. 



(i) The northern spring form, Cyamris ladon lucia. — This 

 is more heavily marked on the lower surface than either of 

 the other forms ; the spots on the outer margin of the lower 

 surface of the wings are blurred so as to form a continuous 

 band, and usually the markings in the middle of the hind 

 wings are also blurred and run together to a considerable 

 extent. It occurs in Canada and in the northern portions of 

 the eastern United States. Where it occurs it is the first 

 butterfly of the season, excepting those species (the angle- 

 wings) that hibernate in the adult state. 



(2) The margined spring form, Cyamris ladon marginata. 

 — There is a heavily marked form occurring in the spring in 

 which the markings in the middle of the under surface of the 

 hind wings are quite distinct, but those of the margin of the 

 wing are blurred, making a continuous band. This form 

 does not extend as far north as lucia, the northern limit of its 

 range being about lat. 45 on the Atlantic coast. 



(3) The typical spring form, Cyaniris ladon violacea. — In 

 this form the markings of the lower side of the wings are quite 

 heavy, but they are not blurred as in the other two spring 

 forms. In the southern part of its range, say south of lat. 

 38°, violacea is dimorphic, the males appearing under two 

 forms, one blue above, the normal violacea, and the other 

 dark brown, C. ladon violacca-nigra. 



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