THE COMMON SKIPPERS 



A. Vein M g of the fore wings arising much nearer to vein M a 

 than to vein M„ the base of the vein usually curving notice- 

 ably toward vein M (Fig. 

 44) ; antennae usually end- 

 ing with a finely pointed 

 terminal crook, occasionally 

 without crook and ending 

 bluntly ; males usually with 

 a brand on the fore wings, 

 never with a costal fold. 

 (Pamphilince), p. 261. 



Skippers with a Brand 

 and their allies 



AA. Vein M 2 of the fore wings 

 retaining its primitive posi- 

 tion midway between veins 

 Mj and M 3 , or nearer to vein 

 M, than to M 3 at base (Fig. 

 41) ; antennae usually with a long club which is bent at a 

 considerable distance from the tip ; males almost invariably 

 with a costal fold, never with a brand. (HesperiwcB), p. 288. 

 Skippers with a Costal Fold and their Allies. 



Fig. 44. — Venation of the wings 

 of Erynnis sassacus. 



SKIPPERS WITH A BRAND AND THEIR ALLIES 



Subfamily Pamphilinae (Pam-phi-li'nse) 



This subfamily includes the greater number of our smaller 



skippers; some of the species, however, surpass in size 



many of the Hesperiinas. To the Pamphilinae belong all of 



our common tawny skippers, as well as some black or dark- 



18 261 



