70i 



GLOSSARY OF BOTANICAL TERMS. 



some flowers are male, others female, and others 

 hermaplii-odite. 



Polygynous, having numerous styles. 



Polvpetalous, having many separate petals. 



Potyspermous^ having many seeds. 



Pome^ an apple. 



Pores, apertures in the cuticle through which trans- 

 piration takes place. 



Porrect, extended forward. 



Pouchj a little sack or bag at the base of some petals 

 and sepals. 



Prijenomerij the first name of several; in plants it is 

 the same as the generic name. 



Precocity, ripe before the usual time. 



Prismatic, formed as a prism. 



Processes, protrusions either natural or monstrous. 



Proliferous, a plant is said to be proliferous when it 

 forms young plants in abundance about its roots. 



Prominences, protuberant risings from the surface. 



Propendent, hanging forward and downward. 



Prurient, stinging. 



Puhescence, down closely pressed to the surface. 



Pidlulating, budding. 



Pulverised, reduced to powder. 



Pulvinate, become cushion-shaped. 



Ptdvinuli, little cushions. 



Purictiform, formed like points, 



Pungeid, stinging or pricking. 



Pustular or Pztstulate, covered with glandular excres- 

 cences like pustules. 



Pitstules, pimples or little blisters. 



Pyriform, shaped like the fruit of a pear. 



Qttadrungtilar^ four-angled. 



Qitadrifarioits, arranged in four rows or ranlts. 



Quadrifid, divided four times. 



Qitadriglandular, having four glands. 



Quaternary, succeeding by fours. 



Quaiemate-pinnate, pinnate; the pinnse being aiTanged 



in fours. 

 Quinate, in fives. 

 Quinquejid, divided into five. 

 Quintuple, five times multiplied. 



R 



Racemes, a particular arrangement of flowers, when 

 they are arranged around a filiform simple axis, 

 each particuhir flower being stalked. 



Racemose, flowering in racemes. 



Rachis, that part of a culm which runs up through the 

 *ar of com, and consequently the part that bears the 

 flowers in other plants. 



Radiant or Radiate, a flower is said to be radiant, when, 

 ■in a cluster or head of florets, those of the circum- 

 ference or ray are long and spreading, and unlike 

 those of the disk. 



Radical, proceeding from the root. ^ 



Radicant, producing roots from the stem. 



Radicule, that end of the embryo which is opposite to 

 the cotyledons, 



Radius, the ray of compound flowers, 



Ramenta, little broTim withered scales with which the 

 stems of some plants, especially ferns, are covered. 



Ramentaceous, covered with ramenta. 



Ramijicatiom, subdivisions of roots or branches. 



Ramose, branchy. 



Ramuli, twigs or small branches. 



Raplie, in seeds this is the channel of vessels which 

 connects the chalaza with the hilum; in umbellife- 

 rous plants it is the line of junction of the two halves 

 of which their fniit is composed. 



Receptacle, that part of the fructification which sup- 

 ports the other parts. 



Recesses, the bays or sinuses of lobed leaves. 



Recui-ved, bent backward. 



Recurvo-pate/nt, bent back and spreading. 



Refiexed,^ bent backward. 



Rejlr_xed recesses, sinu<^ea of leaves which are bent back- 

 ward from the ordinary direction of the surface of a 

 leaf. 



Reniform, kidney-shaped. 



Repand, a leaf having a margin undulated and un- 

 equally dilated is said to be repand. 



Repando- dentate ^ repand and toothed. 



Rf'plicatc, folded back. 



Resolutive or Resdvatlve, having the power to dissolve. 



Resolvent^ having the power of dissolving. 



RestHngcTit, astringent. 



Resupinate, inverted in position, so that that which was 

 in front becomes at back. 



Reticulated, resembling a net. 



Retuse, abruptly blunt. 



Revolute, rolled back. 



RJiomboidal, like a rhombu.'^. 



RlMjnboid-ovate, rhomboidally egg-shaped. 



Rib, the projecting vein of any thing. 



Rigid, stifi^. 



Ringent, gaping. 



Ringing, making an incision resembling a nng all round 

 a branch. 



Rotate, a monopetalous corollaj the limb of which is 

 flat and the tube very short, is called rotate. 



Rotundo-ovate, roundly egg-shaped. 



Ridiefadent, any thing which reddens the skin, or raises 

 slight cutaneous inflammation. 



Rudiment, when an organ is imperfeptly developed, 

 botanists call such developement a i-udiment. 



Rufous, reddish, orange-coloured, or rusty. 



Rufjose, rough or coarsely wrinkled. 



Rugulose, finely wrinkled. 



Riincinate, hooked back, applied to the lobes of leaves. 



Runcinaio-dentate^ hooked back and toothed. 



Runners, procumbent shoots which root at their extre- 

 mity. 



Rusty, rust- coloured. 



Saccate, bagged; having a bag or pouch; as many petals. 



Sagittate, shaped like an arrow-head. 



Samara^ a kind of winged seed vessel; the same as whai 



the English call key. 

 Sapid, agreeable to the palate. 

 Saponaceotis, soapy. 



Sarmentose, producing sarmenta or runners. 

 Sawed, resembling the teeth of a saw. 

 Scabrous, rough with little asperities. 

 Scales, any small processes resembling minute leaves; 



also the leaves of the involucrum of Comp6sitse. 

 Scandent, climbing. 

 Scape, a stem rising from the root and bearing nothing 



but flowers. 

 Scariose or Scarious, membranous and dry. 

 Schistous, rocky, formed of the rock called schist. 

 Scion, a shoot intended for a graft. 

 Scoria, cinders. 



Scrolnculate, excavated into little pits or hollows, 

 Scrotiform, formed like a double bag. 

 Scurfy, covered with scales resembling scurf. 

 Scutate, formed like an ancient round buckler. 

 Secund, arranged on one side only: the same as uni- 

 lateral, which is better. 

 Serlges, a tribe of marsh plants so called. 

 Segments, parts of any thing. 

 Semi-, half. 



Seminal^ belonging to the seed. 

 Semination, seeding. 

 Sepals, the segments of the calyx. 

 Septa, the partitions that divide the interior of the fruit. 

 Septiferous, bearing septa. 

 Serrated, like the teeth of a saw. 

 Serrulations, notchings like those of a saw. 

 Sessile, without footstalks. 

 Setaceo- rostrate, having a beak with the figure of a, 



bristle. 

 Setaceous, resembling a bristle in shape. 

 Set<B, bristles. 



Setiform, formed like a bristle. 

 Setigerous or Setose, covered with bristles. 

 SJteath, the lower part of the leaf that surrounds the 



stem. 

 Sherds, the fragments of potting employed by gardeners 



to drain their flower-pots. 

 Shield, a broad table-like process in the flower of Sta- 



pelia and its allies. 

 Sialagogue, having the power of exciting saliva. 

 Silicatea, coated or mixed with flint. 

 Siliceous^ flinty. 



Sificle, the small round pod of Cruciferai. 

 Si/ifjue, the long taper pod of CruciferEc. 



