84 SOUTH AFRICAN BOTANY 
if it consists of five regular clawed petals attached 
hypogynously to the receptacle, e.g. Pink. 
A gamopetalous corolla may be TUBULAR, CAMPANU- 
LATE, INFUNDIBULIFORM, URCEOLATE, GLOBOSE, BI- 
LABIATE (cf. calyx, par. 49); BinaBIATE and RINGENT if 
the two lips gape apart, e.g. Salvia; BinaBIATE and 
PERSONATE if the two lips are closed up, eg. Snap- 
dragon ; GLOVE-SHAPED as in fox-glove; Rotate if 
there is a spreading limb and short tube; LIGULATE, or 
strap-shaped, when the lower part of the corolla forms 
a tube, and the upper part is flattened out, e.g. Sonchus 
and ray florets of Sunflower. 
If one whorl only is present besides the androecium 
and gynoecium it is called a calyx whatever its appear- 
ance, e.g. Anemone and Clematis. Sometimes appen- 
dages of the petals, called ligules, cohere together to 
form a second structure similar to the corolla. Such a 
structure is called a corona, e.g. Narcissus. If calyx 
and corolla resemble one another, as in most Mono- 
cotyledons, the two whorls are grouped together under the 
term PERIANTH. 
51. The Androecium.—The androecium is made up 
of a number of stamens varying from two to an in- 
definitely large number. 
Each stamen (Figs. 49, 50) consists of two parts—a 
cylindrical stalk called the FILAMENT supporting a little 
knob called the AnrHuR. The latter is composed of 
two lobes, each lobe containing a pair of sacs filled with 
a fine powdery substance called PoLtuEn. The two 
lobes are jomed by a strip of tissue containing. a vas- 
cular bundle. This strip is called the ConnEcTIVE. If 
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