86 SOUTH AFRICAN BOTANY 
anthers only cohere, “e.g. Sunflower, Potato; TErra- 
DYNAMOUS, if there are four long and two short stamens 
present, e.g. Wallflower; Drpynamovs, if there are two 
long and two short stamens, e.g. Foxgiove. The 
stamens are said to be Epiperanous if they adhere to 
the corolla, e.g. Primrose ; GYNANDROUS, if they adhere to 
the gynoecium, e.g. Orchids. The following terms are 
used in describing the insertion of the anthers upon the 
filaments: Basirixep or Innats, if the filament is at- 
tached to the base of the anther; ADNAT#, if filament 
seems to run up the back of the anther; Donrsirixzp, if 
filament is attached toa point in the back of the anther, 
and latter is fixed; VERSATILE, if filament is similarly 
attached but anther is free to swing about. 
52. Pollen.—The fine yellow powder produced by the 
anthers is called pollen. This is produced by division 
of the interior cells of the anthers. These form a 
number of pollen mother cells, each of which divides 
into four daughter cells. These are the pollen grains. 
The walls of the mother cells and daughter cells grad- 
ually disappear and the grains lie loose in the cavity of 
the anther lobe. Sometimes the walls do not entirely 
disappear, so that the grains remain united, eg. in 
Mimoseae in fours, while in the Orchids and Asclepiads 
the whole mass of pollen grains remains joined together 
forming a PoLLINIUM. 
53. The Gynoecium.—The innermost whorl of the 
flower is called the GyNoEcIUM (or GYNAECIUM) or 
Pistin, and consists of one or more structures called 
CARPELS (fig. 51). If only one carpel is present the 
gynoecium is said to be MonocaRPELLARY, if more, 
