CHAPTER VII. 
THE FRUIT. 
63. Definition.—After the ovule has been fertilized it 
develops into a seed. At the same time the ovary is 
stimulated into further growth, and develops into the 
fruit. Very often changes occur in other parts of the 
flower as well as the ovary, and it used to be customary 
to distinguish between “true fruits’? formed from the 
ovary only, and “ false fruits” or pseudocarps formed 
from the parts of the flower as well as the ovary. 
This distinction was unsatisfactory, and has therefore 
been abandoned, and we may best define a fruit as the 
result of changes produced in the flower by fertilization. 
The covering of the fruit is known as the PERICARP. 
64. Kinds.—Fruits may be divided into SimpLE, Com- 
POUND (or aggregate) and COLLECTIVE (or multiple). 
A SIMPtE fruit is formed from a single flower with a 
syncarpous or monocarpellary ovary, e.g. Pea, Cherry, 
Apple. A Comrounp fruit is made up of numerous 
simple fruits, but is formed from a single flower with 
an apocarpous ovary, e.g. Strawberry. A CoLLECTIVE 
fruit is not formed from a single flower, but from an 
inflorescence—it may look like a simple fruit, e.g. Pine- 
apple and Fig, or like a compound one, e.g. Mulberry ; 
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