172 SOUTH AFRICAN BOTANY 
Androecium.—Free, numerous, perigynous; Anthers 
dorsifixed, introrse; Filaments long. 
Gynoecium.—Monocarpellary superior, stigma ter- 
minal, style long—ovary one-celled with one or two 
pendulous ovules. 
Fruit.—A drupe. 
Pollination. —This flower is adapted for pollination 
by all sorts of insects. There is honey at the base of 
the calyx tube. Self-pollination is also possible; but 
apparently does not always take place, since quite a 
number of flowers fail to form fruit. 
Chief Genera.—These may conveniently be grouped 
as follows :— 
(1) Spiraeoideae.—-Carpels 2-5, fruit of 2-5 follicles: 
Spiraea. 
(2) Pomoideae.—Carpels 2-5, fruit a pome: Pyrus. 
(3) Rosoideae.—Carpels numerous. 
(a) Fruit a collection of drupelets: Rubus. 
(b) Fruit a collection of Achenes on a convex 
receptacle: Fragaria, Potentilla, Geum. 
(c) Fruit a collection of Achenes inside a hard 
receptacle: Agrimonia (2 carpels), Leucosidea. 
(d) Fruit a collection of Achenes inside a fleshy 
receptacle: Rosa. 
(4) Newradoideae.—Carpels 5-10 united to receptacle 
to form a dry fruit: Neurada. 
(5) Prunoideae.—Carpels 1, fruit a drupe: Prunus. 
151. N. O. Leguminosae. — General Characters. — 
Flowers polypetalous, perigynous; pistil of one car- 
pel; fruit a legume; leaves usually compound, 
pinnate. This is the second largest order of flowering 
