186 SOUTH AFRICAN BOTANY 
Type.—Erica (the Heaths). 
Plant, small shrub.—Stem, woody. Leaves, exstipu- 
late, evergreen, small, rolled, in whorls. Inflorescence, 
raceme. Flower, bracteate, hermaphrodite, regular, 
hypogynous, complete. Calyx, gamosepalous, 4-partite, 
persistent. Corolla, gamopetalous, 4-lobed, globular. 
Androectum, 8 stamens, free, hypogynous. Anthers 
have horn-like appendages and open by terminal pores. 
Pollen in tetrads and powdery. Gynoeciwm, syncarpous, 
4 carpels. Ovary, 4-celled, each cell containing two or 
more anatropous ovules. Fruit, a capsule. 
Pollination.—Chiefly by bees. A gland below the 
ovaries secretes honey. When bees visit the flower they 
touch the hanging stigma first, since it is longer than 
the stamens, and then the stamens. 
Other Genera.—Macnabia has the calyx longer than 
the corolla, a hooked style and white flowers. Eremia 
has small bell-shaped flowers in terminal umbels ; 
there is one seed only in each cell. Blaeria and Grise- 
bachia have 4 stamens, otherwise they resemble Erica 
(fig. 104). 
156. N. O. Labiatae.—General Characters.—Leaves, 
decussate, simple, exstipulate, often hairy Stem, square. 
Inflorescence, a verticillaster. Flowers, zygomorphic. 
Calyx, hypogynous, tubular, 5 ; corolla 2-lipped, upper lip 
of 2,lower of 3 petals. Stamens, 4 didynamous, or 2 epi- 
petalous. Gynoecium of 2 carpels which form a superior 
4-celled ovary, each cell containing 1 ovule. Fruit of 
4 nutlets. 
Type.—Leonotis (fig. 105). 
Plant.—A herb from 2 to 3 feet high. 
