CLASSIFICATION 201 
which gives its name to the order, is extensively culti- 
vated in South Africa though a native of Europe. It 
Fia. 113.—Gladiolus. 
I, One Flower. “ II. Vertical Section through Flower, 
has avery interesting arrangement for cross pollination 
(see chap. VI.). 
QUESTIONS ON CHAPTER X. 
1. Give an account of the principal characteristics of the 
leaf, flower, and fruit in either a Mesembryanthemum, or an 
Acacia, or a Brassica, and draw either the floral diagram, or a 
longitudinal section through the flower of the one you select. 
2. Show by means of a floral diagram of each how you 
would distinguish a Crassula from a Cotyledon (or Kalanchoe) 
By what characters would you recognize these two genera as 
belonging to the order Crassulacese ? 
3. Choose three of the following genera :— 
Helianthus ; 
Senecio ; 
Sonchus ; 
Osteospermum. 
and tell how they differ or agree in the arrangement of the 
different kinds of florets (tubular and ligulate, perfect and in- 
complete, fertile and sterile) on the head, and jn their fruit. 
