502 



ANATOMY OF VEETEBEATES. 



330 



Cnitlllaries with blnod-Jiecs of tlie ^veb of the foot, 

 Frog, magu. CCLXVII. 



331 



the eye the circulatory motion of the blood, flowing constantly 

 from the arteries to the veins, as seen, e. g. by transmitted light 



in a membranous part of 

 the frog's or newt's struc- 

 ture, under the micro- 

 scope, fig. 330. 



The venous system of 

 Batrachians resembles that 

 of Fishes in the degree in 

 which the species retain 

 the piscine character. The 

 cardinal veins, essentially 

 those which return the 

 blood from the osseous and 

 muscular segments of the 

 trunk, are largest in the 

 Perennibranchs, and de- 

 crease, as the hind-Hmbs 

 acquire more size and 

 power, in the Newts and 

 Land -Salamanders, until, 

 in the tail-less and long- 

 legged Frogs and Toads, 

 the primitive venous trunk 

 of the body is reduced 

 to the condition of the 

 'azygos' vein in Mammals, 

 and the great bulk of the 

 blood is submitted to the 

 influence of the kidneys 

 and liver before it is re- 

 turned to the heart. 



In the Frog, fig. 331, the 

 blood being collected from 

 each liind-limb into an is- 

 chiadic and iliac vein, these 

 unite into a common iliac 

 vein, winch divides. One 

 branch joins that of the 

 opposite iliac, and receives 

 the vein of the great allan- 

 toic bladder, to form the 

 unil)ilical vein,' fig. 331, u: the other branch, K, goes to the 



CircahiUdii hi (lie Frog. Cfl.xvil. 



