316 DECIDUOUS TREES. 



Such trees as this purple oak, the Moccas oak, and the weeping 

 Turkey oak, can readily be grafted on our white oaks, so that per- 

 sons having young and thrifty trees may, with care and persistency 

 through a term of years, secure samples of these curious oaks, and 

 produce novel effects of foliage and form on the same tree. The 

 work must, however, be done year by year, so as not to give the 

 stock a maimed expression, or injure its health. 



The Holly Oaks. Quercus virens. — These are mostly ever- 

 greens, natives of Southern Europe and Asia, near the sea. They 

 will not bear our winters, though they can with care be grown in 

 some parts of England. 



THE ELM. Ulmus. 



The Elm family embraces many species, mostly large trees. 

 Our indigenous weeping elm, Ulmus americana, is, however, so much 

 better known in this country than any other, and has so long borne, 

 and deserved, the crown and title of "queen of American trees," 

 that it is always the species uppermost in the mind when Americans 

 speak of the elm. Yet in England and Continental Europe the 

 Dutch, English, and Scotch elms have not been supplanted by it. 



The American Weeping or White Elm. Ulmus americana. — 

 A full grown luxuriant weeping elm is certainly the queen, as the 

 oak is the king, among deciduous trees. Its grace is feminine. Its 

 outstretching arms droop with motherly grace to shelter and caress 

 with their mantle of verdure the human broods that nestle under 

 them. It is also a grand tree, well characterized by Dr. Holmes as 



"A forest waving on a single stem." 



Few trees are more lofty in their native woods, and none spread 

 with more luxuriant amplitude in rich alluvial fields. The roots 

 around the base of the trunk rise from the ground with peculiar 

 picturesqueness to brace it against the winds. Its long branches, 

 curving symmetrically upwards and outwards, describe the segment 



