146 Origin of the British Flora. 
Preglacial (Cromer Forest-bed) :— 
Ostend, Norfolk; Happisburgh, Norfolk; Pakefield, 
Suffolk. 
CASTANEA SATIVA, Mill. 
(Ridley, Journ. Bot., 1885, p. 253.) 
Charcoalof Chestnut was discovered by Mr.H.N. Ridley 
associated with Paleolithic implements between Crayford 
and Erith in Kent. 
The Chestnut is not usually considered to be a native 
of Britain; but Mr. Ridley suggests that owing to the 
value of the fruit any trees found would be enclosed and 
become private property at an early date. I have not yet 
discovered any corroborative evidence; but as the tree is a 
dry-soil species it can only be expected to occur rarely 
in the fossil state. .Large beams of Chestnut are not 
uncommon in old castles and abbeys; these may be of 
foreign origin, for they are associated with building-stone 
which has undoubtedly come by water. 
FAGUS SYLVATICA, L. 
Neolithic :— 
Southampton Docks (Shore and Elwes); Crossness, 
Essex (wood determined by Marshall Ward); Fenland 
(A. Bell). 
Preglacial (Cromer Forest-bed) : — 
Happisburgh, Norfolk. 
Also recorded from Fahrenkrug, in Holstein, associated 
with Brasenia (Carl Weber); and from Honerdingen, in 
Hanover, associated. with /uglans and Platanus (Carl 
Weber). 
