that seem to be making too vigorous growth should be 

 headed back in order that the tree may be kept sym- 

 metrical. For best results in the fruit there should be 

 free access of air and sunlight to all parts of the tree. 

 Each spring the annual growth of the year before should 

 be cut back a third or more, as may be required to keep 

 the trees in shape and as small as desired. 



Where the trees are to be trained, upon the trellis, 

 a somewhat different system has to be used. In the 

 first place they should be planted almost directly under 

 it, that is so that the main trunk will grow close to the 

 wires and not several inches away. After planting, 

 when growth starts, the main trunk should be cut off 

 a few inches above the first wire and three buds allowed 

 to develop. One of these is trained along the wire on 

 either side of the trunk and the third encouraged to make 

 an upright growth as far as the next wire, where the 

 same process is used; that is, three buds are left here, 

 two of which are trained in either direction on the second 

 wire, and the third bud which should be preferably 

 on the opposite side of the trunk from the one below it, 

 up to the third wire, etc. The shoots which start from 

 the lateral branches should be kept cut back to four 

 or five inches, saving only one out of every two or three 

 so they will not be too close together. Every spring, 

 as soon as the buds are well started, all those which 

 are not desired should be rubbed off before they make 

 any considerable growth, as this is not only very much 

 easier but also saves the strength of the tree for the 

 growth which is retained. 



